Subtitle:

Acclimation of silver fir to irradiance under trees canopy

Contributor:

Polish Academy of Sciences. Institute of Ecology

Publisher:

Polish Academy of Sciences. Institute of Ecology. Publishing Office

Place of publishing:

Dziekanów Leśny

Description:

Pages 323-337 : illustrations ; 27 cm ; Bibliographical references (pages 336-337)

Type of object:

Journal/Article

Abstract:

To determine the influence of tree canopy composition on growth and physiological performance of silver fir (Abies alba Mill.) in Karkonoski National Park (Sudety Mountains, Southern Poland), three-year-old fir seedlings were planted in five forest stands dominated by Betula pendula, Fagus sylvatica, Larix decidua, Picea abies or Pinus sylvestris. The stands differed in canopy openness such that young fir plants experienced drastically different light environments. After three years of acclimation to site conditions, length of shoots, seasonal changes in chlorophyll a fluorescence parameters, and the contents of chlorophyll, carotenoids and nutrients in the needles were studied to evaluate the seedling performance. Growth and photosynthetic characteristics of the young seedlings responded strongly to local light conditions. The lengths of leader shoot and twigs of the upper whorl reflected variation in canopy openness during the growing season and were highest under Larix. The potential quantum yield of photosystem II (Fv/Fm) showed a strong depression in the spring, especially under the leafless canopies of Betula and Fagus, probably because of the occurrence of low air temperatures. Later in the season Fv/Fm showed substantial recovery in all stands. Effective quantum yield ΦPSII measured under actinic light also showed a growing trend throughout the season with the lowest levels noted in the spring, particularly under Fagus and Betula. Fluorescence quenching revealed complex seasonal behaviour with little obvious relationship with stand illumination, except for consistently low value of photochemical quenching, and immediate or high nonphotochemical quenching under the dark Picea canopy, probably reflecting photoprotective acclimation to sunflecks. Although needle chlorophyll content showed no relationship to ambient light, the ratio of carotenoids to chlorophyll was positively linked to canopy openness suggesting the existence of leaf photoprotection that evaded detection by quenching analysis. Nutrient contents in needles depended on site conditions. In the light-transparent Larix stand, the fir needles were strongly depleted in Mg and Ca. Overall, however, all fir plants from experimental plots had much lower needle nutrient content than nursery-raised plants. Needle chlorosis found in Betula and Pinus stands was, however, not caused by macronutrient deficiencies. Considering all variables, conditions most conducive for fir growth and good vigor were found under larch and pine canopies where light penetration was intermediate to high. In contrast, the poorest conditions were found in the Betula stand, where high light penetration in the spring was followed by shading of firs during the growing season.

References:

Barnes J. D., Balaguer L., Manrique E., Elvira S. 1992 - A Reappraisal of the use of DMSO for the extraction and determination of chlorophylls a and b in lichens and higher plants - Environ. Exp. Bot. 32: 85-100.
Bernadzki E. 1983 - Zamieranie jodły w granicach naturalnego zasięgu (Decline of silver fir in its natural range] (In: Jodła pospolita Abies alba Mill. [Silver fir Abies alba Mill.] Ed. S. Białobok) - Polish Scientific Publishers, Warszawa-Poznań, pp. 483-501.
Bjorkman O., Demmig B. 1987 - Photon yield of O2 evolution and chlorophyll fluorescence at 77K among vascular plants of diverse origins - Planta, 170: 489-504.
Chapin F. S. III. 1985 - Mineral nutrition of wild plants - Annu. Rev. Ecol. Syst. 11: 233-260.
Dobrowolska D. 1998 - Zjawisko zamierania jodły pospolitej (Abies alba Mill.) w naturalnym zasięgu [Silver fir (Abies alba Mill.) decline in its natural range] - Sylwan, 12: 49-55.
Genty B., Briantais J-M., Baker N. R. 1989 - The relationship between the quantum yield of photosynthetic electron transport and quenching of chlorophyll fluorescence - Biochimica et Biophysica Acta, 990: 87-92.
Hansatech Fluorescence Monitoring System 2000 - User Manual, pp. 1-47.
Hattenschwiler S, Korner C. 2000 - Tree seedling responses to in situ CO2 enrichment differ among species and depend on understorey light availability - Global Change Biol. 6: 215-228.
Havaux M., F. Tardy 1996 - Temperature-dependent adjustement of the thermal stability of photosystem II in vivo: possible involvement of xanthophyll-cycle pigments - Planta, 198: 324-333.
Jaworski A. 1995 - Charakterystyka hodowlana drzew leśnych [Sylvicultural characteristic of forest trees] - Gutenberg, Kraków, pp. 52-76.
Jaworski A., Zarzycki K. 1983 - Ekologia [Ecology] (In: Jodła pospolita Abies alba Mill. [Silver fir Abies alba Mill.] Ed. S. Białobok) - Polish Scientific Publishers, Warszawa-Poznań, pp. 317-430.
Landmann G., Bonneau M., Bouhot-Delduc L., Fromard F., Cheret V., Dagnac J., SouchierB. 2000 - Crown Damage in Norway Spruce and Silver Fir: Relation to Nutritional Status and Soil Chemical Characteristics in the French Mountains (In: Forest Decline and Atmospheric Deposition Effects in the French Mountains. Eds. G. Landmann, M. Bonneau) - Springer, pp. 41-77.
Lemon P. E. 1957 - A New Instrument for Measuring Forest Overstory Density - Jour. Forestry, 55 (9): 667-668.
Magnuski K., Jaszczak R., Małys L. 2001 - Struktura cech biometrycznych jodły pospolitej (Abies alba Mill.) pochodzącej z podsadzenia w przebudowanym drzewostanie świerkowym (Picea abies (L.) Karst.) o różnym stopniu przerzedzenia [Structure of biometric traits of common fir (Abies alba Mill.) derived from underplanting in a reconstructed spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst.) stand of varying canopy opening] - Sylwan, 3: 5-13.
Maxwell K., Johnson N. G. 2000 - Chlorophyll fluorescence - a practical guide - Journal of Experimental Botany, 51 (345): 659-668.
Muller P., Li X.-P., Niyogi K. K. 2001 - Non-photochemical quenching. A response to excess light energy - Plant Physiol. 125: 1558-1566.
Niemtur S., Loch J., Chwistek K., Czamota P. 1996 - Badania biometryczne podrostów świerka, jodły i buka w Gorczańskim Parku Narodowym [Studies on biometric features of spruce, fir and beech undcrwood in Gorczański National Park] - Sylwan, 2: 39-47.
Oquist G., Chow W. S., Anderson J. M. 1992 - Photoinhibition of photosynthesis represents a mechanism for the long-term regulation of PSII. - Planta, 186: 450-460.
Ottander C., Campbell D., Oquist G. 1995 - Seasonal changes in photosystem II organization and pigment composition in Pinus sylvestris - Planta, 197: 176-183.
Puchalski T, Prusinkiewicz S. 1990 - Ekologiczne Podstawy Siedliskoznawstwa Leśnego [Ecological basis of forest habitat science] - PWRiL, Warszawa, pp.95-139.
Pukacki M. P. 2000 - Effects of sulphur, fluoride and heavy metal pollution on the chlorophyll fluorescence of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) needles - Dendrobiology, 45: 83-88.
Robakowski P., Monpied P., Dreyer E. 2002 - Thermal features of photosynthesis of silver fir (Abies alba Mill.) seedlings - Ann. For. Sci. 59(2): 163-170.
Savitch L.V., Leonardos E.D., Krol M., Jansson S., Grodziński B., Huner N.P.A., Oquist G. 2002 - Two different strategies of light utilization in photosynthesis in relation to growth and cold acclimation - Plant Cell Environ. 25: 761-771.
Shangguan Z., Shao M., Dyckmans J. 2000 - Effect of nitrogen nutrition and water deficit on net photosynthestic rate and chlorophyll fluorescence in winter wheat - J. Plant Physiol. 156: 46-51.
Stachurski A., Zimka J., Kwiecień M., Wald M. 1992 - Niektóre aspekty krążenia pierwiastków w ekosystemach leśnych na terenie Karkonoszy [Some aspects of elements circulation in the forest ecosystems of Karkonosze Mountains]. Kakronoskie Badania Ekologiczne, I Konferencja, Wojnowice, pp. 115-122.
Strasser J. R., Srivastava A., Merope Tsimilli-Michael 2000 - The Fluorescence Transient as a Tool to Characterize and Screen Photosynthetic Samples. (Ed. Mohanty, Yunus and Pathre) Reprint from: Probing photosynthesis: mechanism, regulation & adaptation, pp. 13-27.
Taulavuori K., Taulavuori E., Savonen E.-M., Petilainen P., Lahdesmaki P., Laine K. 2000 - In vivo chlorophyll fluorescence is not always a good indicator of cold hardiness - Journal of Plant Physiology, 157: 227-229.
Valladares F., Chico M. J., Aranda I., Balaguer L., Dizengremel P., Manrique E., Dreyer E. 2002 - The greater seedlings high-light tolerance of Quercus robur over Fagus sylvatica is linked to a greater physiological plasticity - Trees, 16: 395-403.
Wilczkiewicz M. 1976 - Jodła pospolita (Abies alba Mill.) w Sudetach [Silver fir (Abies alba Mill.) in Sudety Mountains] - Sylwan, 1: 69-80.
Wilczkiewicz M. 1982 - Rys historyczny gospodarki w lasach sudeckich [Historical outline of economy in Sudety forests] - Sylwan, 6: 49-53.
Zimka R. J., Stachurski A., Kwiecień M. 1995 - Wskaźnik kondycji a status troficzny świerka (Picea abies) w Karkonoszach [Index of health and trophic status of Norway spruce (Picea abies)] (In: Problemy Ekologiczne Wysokogórskiej Części Karkonoszy [Ecological Problems of Higher Part of Karkonosze Mts.] Ed. Z. Fiseher) -Oficyna Wydawnicza Instytut Ekologii PAN, pp. 247-264.

Relation:

Polish Journal of Ecology

Volume:

51

Issue:

3

Start page:

323

End page:

337

Detailed Resource Type:

Article

Resource Identifier:

oai:rcin.org.pl:117557

Source:

MiIZ PAN, call no. P.2840 ; click here to follow the link

Language:

eng

Language of abstract:

Rights:

Creative Commons Attribution BY 3.0 PL license

Terms of use:

Copyright-protected material. [CC BY 3.0 PL] May be used within the scope specified in Creative Commons Attribution BY 3.0 PL license, full text available at: ; -

Digitizing institution:

Museum and Institute of Zoology of the Polish Academy of Sciences

Original in:

Library of the Museum and Institute of Zoology of the Polish Academy of Sciences

Projects co-financed by:

Operational Program Digital Poland, 2014-2020, Measure 2.3: Digital accessibility and usefulness of public sector information; funds from the European Regional Development Fund and national co-financing from the state budget.

Access:

Open