@misc{Wywrot-Wyszkowska_Beata_Umocnienia_2023,
 author={Wywrot-Wyszkowska, Beata},
 volume={71},
 number={3},
 copyright={Creative Commons Attribution BY 4.0 license},
 address={Warszawa},
 journal={Kwartalnik Historii Kultury Materialnej},
 howpublished={online},
 year={2023},
 publisher={Instytut Archeologii i Etnologii Polskiej Akademii Nauk},
 language={pol},
 abstract={The paper discusses issues concerning the structure and layout of late medieval defensive system in Kołobrzeg and changes to it. The major source are archaeological finds. Written records and cartographic and iconographic sources were used to a lesser extent, mainly due to their poor preservation. Original fortifications in Kołobrzeg were formed by a ring of earthworks surrounded by a moat. The construction of brick city walls started in the fourteenth century and was completed in the middle of the fifteenth century. The ring included four main gates and a few posterns. Gates in Kołobrzeg had ‘gorges’ which projected far beyond the edge of the moat, with a multi-storey or higher buildings at the end.},
 type={Text},
 title={Umocnienia miejskie późnośredniowiecznego Kołobrzegu w świetle badań archeologicznych},
 URL={http://rcin.org.pl/Content/240061/276359.pdf},
 keywords={town fortifications, town boundaries, Western Pomerania, Kołobrzeg, Late Middle Ages},
}