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<dc:title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Archaeological Reports]]></dc:title>
<dc:title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Archäologische Berichte]]></dc:title>
<dc:title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[The problem of dating the beginning of the central settlements of the Brześć Kujawski culture. The case of radiocarbon dating of site 3 at Żegotki, Strzelno commune]]></dc:title>
<dc:title xml:lang="pl"><![CDATA[The problem of dating the beginning of the central settlements of the Brześć Kujawski culture. The case of radiocarbon dating of site 3 at Żegotki, Strzelno commune]]></dc:title>
<dc:creator><![CDATA[Więcaszek, Kalina]]></dc:creator>
<dc:creator><![CDATA[Czerniak, Lech]]></dc:creator>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[archaeology]]></dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Neolithic]]></dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Central Europe]]></dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Brześć Kujawski culture]]></dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[longhouses]]></dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[chronology]]></dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="pl"><![CDATA[archeologia]]></dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="pl"><![CDATA[Neolithic]]></dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="pl"><![CDATA[Central Europe]]></dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="pl"><![CDATA[Brześć Kujawski culture]]></dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="pl"><![CDATA[longhouses]]></dc:subject>
<dc:subject xml:lang="pl"><![CDATA[chronology]]></dc:subject>
<dc:description xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[One of the most characteristic elements of the Brześć Kujawski culture (4350-4000 cal. BC) were central settlements distinguished by dense development in the form of longhouses and associated graves, a large area (on average 3-6 ha), and a long period of use. A controversial issue is the dating of the beginning of this type of settlement (4600/4500 cal. BC versus 4350 cal. BC) and, consequently, of a given culture. The article aims to analyse six radiocarbon dates from a previously unpublished central settlement in Żegotki, Strzelno commune (Site 3), excavated in 1995. Each date refers to a separate house, giving a general picture of the settlement chronology within the range of 4300-3980 cal. BC. This finding is consistent with the general BKC dating model (Czerniak et al. 2016) and the dating of the settlement in Osłonki (Budd et al. 2020).]]></dc:description>
<dc:description xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[ill. ; 25 cm]]></dc:description>
<dc:description xml:lang="pl"><![CDATA[One of the most characteristic elements of the Brześć Kujawski culture (4350-4000 cal. BC) were central settlements distinguished by dense development in the form of longhouses and associated graves, a large area (on average 3-6 ha), and a long period of use. A controversial issue is the dating of the beginning of this type of settlement (4600/4500 cal. BC versus 4350 cal. BC) and, consequently, of a given culture. The article aims to analyse six radiocarbon dates from a previously unpublished central settlement in Żegotki, Strzelno commune (Site 3), excavated in 1995. Each date refers to a separate house, giving a general picture of the settlement chronology within the range of 4300-3980 cal. BC. This finding is consistent with the general BKC dating model (Czerniak et al. 2016) and the dating of the settlement in Osłonki (Budd et al. 2020).]]></dc:description>
<dc:description xml:lang="pl"><![CDATA[il. ; 25 cm]]></dc:description>
<dc:publisher><![CDATA[Instytut Archeologii i Etnologii Polskiej Akademii Nauk]]></dc:publisher>
<dc:date><![CDATA[2025]]></dc:date>
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<dc:identifier><![CDATA[0081-3834]]></dc:identifier>
<dc:identifier><![CDATA[DOI: 10.23858/SA/77.2025.2.4006]]></dc:identifier>
<dc:identifier><![CDATA[https://rcin.org.pl/dlibra/publication/299807/edition/262714/content]]></dc:identifier>
<dc:identifier><![CDATA[oai:rcin.org.pl:262714]]></dc:identifier>
<dc:source xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[IAiE PAN, call no. P 244]]></dc:source>
<dc:source xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[IAiE PAN, call no. P 245]]></dc:source>
<dc:source xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[IAiE PAN, call no. P 243]]></dc:source>
<dc:source xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[http://iaie.katalog.pan.pl/ipac20/ipac.jsp?profile=iaepan&index=BOCLC&term=ee95400634]]></dc:source>
<dc:source xml:lang="pl"><![CDATA[IAiE PAN, sygn. P 244]]></dc:source>
<dc:source xml:lang="pl"><![CDATA[IAiE PAN, sygn. P 245]]></dc:source>
<dc:source xml:lang="pl"><![CDATA[IAiE PAN, sygn. P 243]]></dc:source>
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<dc:language><![CDATA[eng]]></dc:language>
<dc:relation><![CDATA[Bogucki P. 2019. On the periphery and at a crossroads: a Neolithic creole society on the Lower Vis-tula in the fifth millennium BC. In R. Gleser and D. Hofmann (eds), Contacts, Boundaries and Innovation. Exploring developed Neolithic societies in central Europe and beyond. Leiden: Side-stone Press, 45-59.]]></dc:relation>
<dc:relation><![CDATA[Bogucki P. 2023. Working Neolithic Landscapes in the Polish Lowlands. In D. Płaza, P. Papiernik and P. Bogucki (eds), Ewa Niesiołowska (1941-2013) In Memoriam. Biblioteka Muzeum Archeolo-gicznego i Etnograficznego w Łodzi. Łódź: Muzeum Archeologiczne i Etnograficzne w Łodzi, 247-268.]]></dc:relation>
<dc:relation><![CDATA[Bogucki P. and Grygiel R. 2022. Households and Hamlets of the Brześć Kujawski Group. Open Ar-chaeology 8, 362-376.]]></dc:relation>
<dc:relation><![CDATA[Bronk Ramsey C. 1995. Radiocarbon Calibration and Analysis of Stratigraphy. Radiocarbon 36, 425-430.]]></dc:relation>
<dc:relation><![CDATA[Bronk Ramsey C. 2009. Bayesian Analysis of Radiocarbon Dates. Radiocarbon 51, 37-60.]]></dc:relation>
<dc:relation><![CDATA[Budd C., Bogucki P., Lillie M., Grygiel R., Lorkiewicz W. and Schulting R. 2020. All things bright: copper grave goods and diet at the Neolithic site of Osłonki, Poland. Antiquity 94(376), 932-947.]]></dc:relation>
<dc:relation><![CDATA[Czerniak L. 1994. Wczesny i środkowy okres neolitu na Kujawach. 5400-3650 p.n.e. Poznań: Insty-tut Archeologii i Etnologii PAN.]]></dc:relation>
<dc:relation><![CDATA[Czerniak L. 2002. Brześć Kujawski type settlements at Polish Lowlands. Archeologicke rozhledy 54, 1-14]]></dc:relation>
<dc:relation><![CDATA[Czerniak L. 2018. Zanim powstała kultura brzesko-kujawska. Przykład stanowisk 2, 3, 6 i 7 w Ludwi-nowie, gm. Włocławek. In A. Marciniak-Kajzer, A. Andrzejewski, A. Golański, S. Rzepecki and M. Wąs (eds), Nie tylko krzemienie. Studia ofiarowane prof. Lucynie Domańskiej w 45-lecie pracy naukowo-dydaktycznej i w 70. rocznicę urodzin. Łódź: Instytut Archeologii UŁ, 199-236.]]></dc:relation>
<dc:relation><![CDATA[Czerniak L. and Pyzel J. 2016. Being at Home in the Early Chalcolithic. The Longhouse Phenomenon in the Brześć Kujawski Culture in the Polish Lowlands. Open Archaeology 2, 97-114.]]></dc:relation>
<dc:relation><![CDATA[Czerniak L. and Pyzel J. 2019. The Brześć Kujawski culture. The north-easternmost Early Chalco-lithic communities in Europe. In R. Gleser and D. Hofmann (eds), Culture contact, cultural boundaries and innovation in the 5th and early 4th millennium BC. Leiden: Sidestone Press, 59-90]]></dc:relation>
<dc:relation><![CDATA[Czerniak L., Marciniak A., Bronk Ramsey C., Dunbar E., Goslar T., Barclay A., Bayliss A. and Whittle A. 2016. House time: Neolithic settlement development at Racot during the 5th millennium cal B.C. in the Polish lowlands. Journal of Field Archaeology 41/5, 618-640.]]></dc:relation>
<dc:relation><![CDATA[Czerniak L., Rączkowski W. and Sosnowski W. 2003. New perspectives for the study of Neolithic longhouses at Polish Lowlands. Antiquity 77(297), 71-73.]]></dc:relation>
<dc:relation><![CDATA[Grygiel R. 2008. Neolit i początki epoki brązu w rejonie Brześcia Kujawskiego i Osłonek. Tom II. Środkowy neolit. Grupa brzesko-kujawska kultury lendzielskiej. The Neolithic and Early Bronze Age in the Brześć Kujawski and Osłonki Region. Volume II. Middle Neolithic. The Brześć Ku-jawski Group of the Lengyel Culture. Łódź: Muzeum Archeologiczne i Etnograficzne w Łodzi.]]></dc:relation>
<dc:relation><![CDATA[Hu D. 2013. Approaches to the Archaeology of Ethnogenesis: Past and Emergent Perspectives. Jour-nal of Archaeological Research 21, 371-402.]]></dc:relation>
<dc:relation><![CDATA[Pyzel J. 2019. Cultures of remembrance, cultures of forgetting. Germania 97, 1-40.]]></dc:relation>
<dc:relation><![CDATA[Voss B. L. 2015. What’s new? Rethinking ethnogenesis in the archaeology of colonialism. American Antiquity 80/4, 655-670.]]></dc:relation>
<dc:relation><![CDATA[Więcaszek K., Czerniak L. and Pyzel J. in print. Ethnographic landscape of the last Danubian Neo-lithic communities in the Polish Lowlands (4350-4000 BCE): a case study of two neighbouring villages. Cambridge Archaeological Journal.]]></dc:relation>
<dc:relation><![CDATA[Sprawozdania Archeologiczne]]></dc:relation>
<dc:relation><![CDATA[oai:rcin.org.pl:publication:299807]]></dc:relation>
<dc:rights xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Creative Commons Attribution BY 4.0 license]]></dc:rights>
<dc:rights xml:lang="pl"><![CDATA[Licencja Creative Commons Uznanie autorstwa 4.0]]></dc:rights>
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