Itinerarium króla Władysława III 1434-1444

Sroka, Stanisław Andrzej (1966– ); Zawitkowska, Wioletta

doi:978-83-65880-13-0

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Itinerarium króla Władysława III 1434-1444

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Title: Itinerarium króla Władysława III 1434-1444

Abstract:

The Itinerarium of King Władysław III, known in Polish historiography as Władysław of Varna (Born: October 31, 1424), the firstborn son of Władysław II Jagiełło and his fourth wife, Sophia of Halshany, encompasses the years 1434–1444. It begins with the date: July 25, 1434. On this day, after the death of his father, who died on the night between May 31 and June 1, 1434, the assembly of nobles crowned Władysław King of Poland and Grand Duke of Lithuania. On July 17, 1440, the next pivotal date in the young king’s life, a contingent of nobles summoned and crowned him King of Hungary in Székesfehérvár (Alba Regia). The specific circumstances in which this happened (primarily the annulment of the coronation of Ladislaus the Posthumous or Ladislaus V, son of Albert II Habsburg of Germany and Elisabeth of Luxemburg) determined that in relation to this period of rule, he is referred to as Władysław III Jagiellończyk (in Polish historiography) or I. Ulászló (in Hungarian historiography). The final date of the Itinerarium – November 10, 1444 – marks the death of the twenty-year-old ruler in battle with the Ottoman Turks at Varna. In accordance to the principles adopted for the “Itineraria Jagiellonów” series, the Itinerarium of Władysław III is a list of dates and places during his reign as King of Poland, and therefore, also examines the events of his rule as Grand Duke of Lithuania (1434–1444) and King of Hungary (1440–1444). In 2014, the Institute of History of the Polish Academy of Sciences (Instytut Historii PAN) began, through the efforts of its employees, particularly, the originators of the undertaking, the late dr hab. Izabela Skierska, dr Grażyna Rutkowska, and prof. Antoni Gąsiorowski, the publication of the series known as the “Itineraria Jagiellonów”. This is the first European dynasty, in which all representatives, both Polish kings and their wives, will receive their own Itinerarium. The Itinerarium of Władysław III is the fourth work published in this series. Similarly to the previous publications, it is not simply a traditional and easy-to-use list, but has been enriched with additional information. It contains material about the gatherings taking place at the king’s place of residence, the judicial proceedings in which he took part, the most important documents he issued (confirmations of laws, privileges, declarations of war), the itineraries of wars, the homages paid to him, the events related to the royal family, etc. The material is extensive, particularly, in the first part of Władysław’s Itinerarium. This was a period of his life that was in many respects exceptional. Although Władysław ascended to the throne as a ten-year-old child, he did not rule until he reached his majority in 1438, and therefore, tutors or attendants assisted in governing on his behalf (for this reason, information about their roles alongside the king and perti- nent sources, such as the de consilio consiliariorum et tutorum nostrorum, were also included in the Itinerarium).