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Na drodze do pierwszego rozbioru : Rosja i Prusy wobec Rzeczypospolitej w latach 1768–1771
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Wydanie I. ; 518 stron ; 25 cm ; Bibliografia na stronach 502-510. Indeks ; Książka powstała w ramach grantu NCN Opus 2018/29/B/HS3/01149 "Między Petersburgiem a Berlinem. Rzeczpospolita w świetle stosunków prusko-rosyjskich w dobie konferedacji barskiej i pierwszego rozbioru" ; Streszczenie w języku angielskim.
Subject and Keywords:Polska -- 1772 (Pierwszy rozbiór) [KABA] ; Rosja -- stosunki zagraniczne -- 1689-1801 [KABA] ; Prusy -- stosunki zagraniczne -- 1740-1786 [KABA] ; Rosja -- 1762-1796 (Katarzyna II) [KABA] ; Prusy -- polityka i rządy -- 1740-1786 [KABA] ; Rosja -- stosunki zagraniczne -- Polska -- 18 w. [KABA] ; Polska -- stosunki zagraniczne -- Rosja -- 18 w. [KABA] ; Prusy -- 1740-1786 (Fryderyk II Wielki) [KABA] ; Rosja -- polityka i rządy -- 1689-1801 [KABA]
Abstract:
The decision to partition the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth was both a result and a manifestation of a crisis of the Russian policy as defined in the project of the “Northern System”. The partition itself was a breach with the fundamental principle of Russian foreign policy that the interests of the empire should take absolute precedence over those of the allies. At the same time – together with the victorious war of 1768–1774 – the partition decision meant the beginning of Russia’s turn towards the south of Europe. The partition shows that the annexation tendency, which for many years had been present in St Petersburg’s Polish policy, became dominant. One may only guess, as the sources we have do not reveal this directly, that Catherine II must have decided that a “remuneration” shared with Prussia (and Austria) at the expense of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth would be of benefit to her. She also must have thought that – in the long term – her empire’s super-power position and her own reign would not be harmed. The pacification of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, combined with both the temporary resolution of the crisis in Sweden and the victory over the Ottoman Porte, would strengthen Russia internationally, restore her domination in the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth and consolidate Catherine II’s position in the eyes of the pro-annexation elites of Russia. In 1768–1770, before the decision on the partition was made, Russian hegemony in the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, being a crucial element of Russia’s position in Europe, was in a deep crisis. That crisis was perceived in St Petersburg as a collapse of Russia’s domination in the Commonwealth. [...]
IH PAN, sygn. II.15893 ; IH PAN, sygn. II.15892 Podr. ; click here to follow the link
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Digitizing institution:Instytut Historii Polskiej Akademii Nauk
Original in:Biblioteka Instytutu Historii PAN
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