The Phoridae (Diptera) of NE-Westphalia: a field study over five years

Grundmann, Bernard; Kappert, Jürgen

doi:10.3161/00159301FF2023.66.1.015

- ris
- BibTeX
- EndNote
- Csv

The Phoridae (Diptera) of NE-Westphalia: a field study over five years Grundmann, BernardKappert, Jürgen

The Phoridae (Diptera) of NE-Westphalia: a field study over five years

Phoridae (Diptera) of NE-Westphalia ; Phoridae (Diptera) północno-wschodniej Westfalii: pięcioletnie badania terenowe. Część I. Rodzaje Phoridae z wyłączeniem rodzaju Megaselia Rondani

Grundmann, Bernard ; Kappert, Jürgen

Muzeum i Instytut Zoologii Polskiej Akademii Nauk

scuttle flies ; fauna ; Malaise trap ; abundance distribution ; new records ; Germany

Contributing reliable data sets to support conservation efforts is currently the most important target of taxonomy and faunistics, yet the lack of statistically significant data makes unambiguous recommendations based on actual biodiversity mostly elusive. Especially the abundance distribution of large and ecologically diverse groups as a prerequisite to assess regional differences is in general not available. In this study a comprehensive faunistic record of Phoridae comprising about 290 species and more than 62000 specimens from a single location in NE-Westphalia caught over five years in a Malaise trap and occasionally by further methods is presented. The study will be distributed among two parts: I) Genera except Megaselia. II) Megaselia. This first part is devoted to 71 species of Phoridae except Megaselia: their sex ratio, abundance distribution, rarefaction and a thorough presentation of rare species and species new to the area of investigation including annotations concerning morphology, ecology, distribution and used literature. Where feasible a photo showing important characters has been added.

BAUMANN E. 1976. Rennfliegen aus den Rheinauenwäldern des Naturschutzgebietes „Hördter Rheinaue". I. Phorinae (Diptera: Phoridae). Mitteilungen der Pollichia des pfälzischen Vereins für Naturkunde und Naturschutz 64: 188–193.
BESHOVSKI V. & LANGOUROV M. 1997. Contribution to the study of the distribution of Phoridae-species in the Balkan Peninsula (Diptera, Phoridae). Acta Zoologica Bulgarica 49: 43–47.
BUCK M. 1997. A new genus and species of Phoridae (Diptera) from Central Europe with remarkably primitive male genitalia. Entomologica Scandinavica 28: 351–359.
COLYER C. N. 1952. Notes on Triphleba minuta F. (Dipt., Phoridae) and its immature stages. Entomologist’s Monthly Magazine 88: 226–229.
CUTTIFORD L. A. & DISNEY R. H. L. 2011. Colonisation of pig carrion by Triphleba Rondani (Dipt., Phoridae) during a very cold British winter. Entomologist’s Monthly Magazine 146: 203–206.
DISNEY R. H. L. 1979a. A new species of Phalacrotophora (Dipt. Phoridae) from France. Annales de Parasitologie Humaine et Comparée 54 (5): 533–536.
DISNEY R. H. L. 1979b. Natural history notes on some British Phoridae (Diptera) with comments on a changing picture. Entomologist’s Gazette 30: 141–150.
DISNEY R. H. L. 1983. Scuttle flies. Diptera, Phoridae (except Megaselia). Handbooks for the Identification of British Insects 10 (6): 1–81.
DISNEY R. H. L. 1986. A new genus of scuttle-fly (Diptera: Phoridae) from England. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 87 (1): 85–89.
DISNEY R. H. L. 1988. Biology and taxonomy of the Old World Puliciphora (Diptera: Phoridae) with descriptions of nine new species. Oriental Insects 22: 267–286.
DISNEY R. H. L. 1989. Scuttle flies. Diptera, Phoridae. Genus Megaselia. Handbooks for the Identification of British Insects 10 (8): 1–155.
DISNEY R. H. L. 1991a. Family Phoridae. In: SOÓS Á. and PAPP L. (eds): Catalogue of Palaearctic Diptera, Vol. 7 Dolichopodidae - Platypezidae. 7: 143–204, Akadémiai Kiadó, Budapest.
DISNEY R. H. L. 1991b. Scuttle Flies (Diptera: Phorida) as Parasites of Earthworms (Oligochaeta: Lumbricidae). British Journal of Entomology & Natural History 4: 11–13.
DISNEY R. H. L. 1994. Scuttle flies: The Phoridae. Chapman & Hall, London, 467 pp.
DISNEY R. H. L. 2000. Revision of European Pseudacteon Coquillett (Diptera, Phoridae). Bonner Zoologische Beiträge 49 (1–4): 79–91.
DISNEY R. H. L. 2017. Systematic review of the European Gymnophora Macquart (Diptera: Phoridae), with five new species. Fragmenta Faunistica 60 (1): 23–46.
DISNEY R. H. L. & BEUK P. L. T. 1997. European Phalacrotophora (Diptera: Phoridae). Entomologist’s Gazette 48: 185–192.
DISNEY R. H. L. & MICHAILOVSKAYA M. V. 2001. New species and new records of Puliciphora Dahl (Phoridae: Diptera) from Russia, India and the Seychelles. Fragmenta Faunistica 44: 329–340.
DONISTHORPk H. S. J. K . 1927. The guests of British ants, their habits and life histories. Routledge, London, xxxiii + 244 pp.
DURSKA E. 2013. Effects of disturbances on scuttle flies (Diptera: Phoridae) in pine forests. Biodiversity and Conservation 22: 1991–2021.
DURSKA E., BONET J. & VIKLUND B. 2010. The scuttle fly (Diptera: Phoridae) assemblages of a wildfire-affected hemiboreal old-growth forest in Tyresta (Sweden). Entomologica Fennica 21: 19–32.
DURSKA E. & CERYNGIER P. 2010. Zadrowate (Diptera: Phoridae) kontra Harmonia axyridis (Pallas, 1773) (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae). Dipteron 26: 7–10.
FELDMANN R. 1992. Die Bodenmakrofauna im Lennebergwald. 1. Die Dipteren. Mainzer Naturwissenschaftliches Archiv 30: 171–241.
GADAU J. & DISNEY R. H. L. 1996. The ant host (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) and hitherto unknown female of Menozziola obscuripes (Diptera: Phoridae). Sociobiology 28(2): 177–181.
GORI M. 1999. I Foridi della collezione Rondani (Diptera: Phoridae). Bollettino della Società Entomologica Italiana 131(2): 139–146.
GORI M. 2000. Due nuovi specie di Foridi italiani: Billotia papii n. sp. Triphleba ausoniae n. sp. (Diptera Phoridae). Bollettino della Società Entomologica Italiana 132(2): 175–180.
GORI M. 2015. Una nuova specie del genere Tubicera Schmitz, 1920 (Diptera: Phoridae). Onychium 11: 163–167.
GOTELLI N. J. & COLWELL, R.K. 2011. Estimating Species Richness. In: Biological Diversity: Frontiers in Measurement and Assessment, Oxford University Press, United Kingdom, 39–54.
GRUNDMANN B. 2023. Buckelfliegen (Diptera: Phoridae) im Naturschutzgebiet Heiliges Meer. In: TERLUTTER H. (ed), Aktuelles zur Geologie, Ökologie und Biodiversität des Naturschutzgebietes Heiliges Meer im Kreis Steinfurt. Abhandlungen aus dem Westfälischen Museum für Naturkunde, Münster, 104: 371–392.
Habitats Directive of Natura 2000. https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX:01992L0043-20130701
HACKMAN W. 1967. On Diptera in small mammal burrows in Northern Europe and Southern Spain. Notulae Entomologicae 42: 1–14.
HUBBELL S. P. 2001. The Unified Neutral Theory of Biodiversity and Biogeography. Princeton University Press, 392 pp.
IRWIN A. G. & HARVEY M .C. 2014. Phalacrotophora delageae Disney (Diptera, Phoridae) new to Britain. Dipterists Digest 21: 77–80.
JONG DE Y., VERBEEK M., MICHELSEN V., PLACE DE P. B., LOS W., STEEMAN F., BAILLY N., BASIRE C., CHYLARECKI P., STLOUKAL E., HAGEDORN G., WETZEL F. T., GLÖCKLER F., KROUPA A., KORB G., HOFFMANN A., HÄUSER C., KOHLBECKER A., MÜLLER A., GÜNTSCH A., STOEV P., PENEV L. 2014. Fauna Europaea – all European animal species on the web. Biodiversity Data Journal 2: e4034. https://doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.2.e4034
KAHANPÄÄ J. 2013. Viisikymmentä Suomelle uutta kärpäslajia (Diptera: Brachycera). Sahlbergia 19 (1–2): 63–71.
LANGOUROV M. 2004. Scuttle flies (Diptera: Phoridae) from the Eastern Rhodopes (Bulgaria) with special consideration of winter-active species. In: BERON P. & POPOV A. (eds) Biodiversity of Bulgaria 2. Biodiversity of Eastern Rhodopes (Bulgaria and Greece), pp. 759–768. Pensoft and Natural History Museum Sofia, 951 pp
LANGOUROV M. 2021. Scuttle flies (Diptera: Phoridae) of Vitosha Mt. (Bulgaria). Historia naturalis bulgarica 43 (1): 1–24.
LANGOUROV M. 2010. Some scuttle flies (Diptera: Phoridae) from Western Rhodope Mountains. In: BERON P. (ed.), Biodiversity of Bulgaria 4. Biodiversity of Western Rhodopes (Bulgaria and Greece): 485-498. Pensoft and Natural History Museum Sofia.
LENGYEL G. D. 2009. Contributions to the knowledge of the scuttle fly (Diptera: Phoridae) fauna of Hungary. Folia Entomologica Hungarica 70: 219–224.
MANN D. J. 2007. A recent record of Puliciphora borinquenensis Wheeler, 1906 (Diptera: Phoridae) in Oxford. Entomologist’s monthly Magazine 143: 171–173.
MILLER P. L. 1984. Alternative reproductive routines in a small fly, Puliciphora borinquenensis (Diptera: Phoridae). Ecological Entomology 9 (3): 293–302.
MOCEK B., BARTÁK M. & KUBIK Š. 2006. Phoridae. In: BARTÁK M. & KUBIK S. (eds), Diptera of Podyji National Park and its environs, pp. 186–195. University of Prague, 432pp.
MOCEK B., VONIČKA P. & PREISLER J. 2008. Phoridae (Diptera) of the Jizerské hory and Frýdlant region (northern Bohema, Czech Republic). Sborník Severočeského Muzea, Přírodní Vědy, Liberec 26: 261–281. [In Czech].
O’TOOLE C. 1978. Ants, bees and wasps (Aculeate Hymenoptera). In: STUBBS A. & CHANDLER P. (eds), A Dipterist’s Handbook. The Amateur Entomologist 15: 255 pp. Middlesex.
PRESCHER S. & BELLSTEDT R. 2001. Neue Funde von Buckelfliegen (Diptera, Phoridae) in Thüringen mit Angaben zur Faunistik und Biologie der Arten. Entomologische Nachrichten und Berichte 45 (3/4): 151–155.
PRESCHER S. & WEBER G. 1996. Zur Kenntnis der Buckelfliegen-Fauna (Diptera: Phoridae) ausgewählter Standorte in Köln – Frühjahrsaspekt. Dechenia-Beihefte 35: 415–421.
PRESCHER S. & WEBER G. 1999. Phoridae. In: SCHUMANN H., BÄHRMANN R. & STARK A. (eds), Checkliste der Dipteren Deutschlands. Studia Dipterologica, Suppl. 2: 171–176.
PRESCHER S. & WEBER G. 2019. Biologie und Ökologie der Buckelfliegen (Diptera: Phoridae) des Naturschutzgebietes „Ahrschleife bei Altenahr“. Beiträge zur Landespflege Rheinland-Pfalz 18: 298–324.
SCHMITZ H. 1918. Die Phoriden von Holländisch Limburg mit Bestimmungstabellen aller bisher kenntlich beschriebenen europäischen Phoriden. I. und II. Teil. Jaarboek Natuurhistorisch Genootschap in Limburg 1917: 79–150.
SCHMITZ H. 1920. Die Phoriden von Holländisch Limburg mit Bestimmungstabellen aller bisher kenntlich beschriebenen europäischen Phoriden. IV. Jaarboek Natuurhistorisch Genootschap in Limburg 1919: 91–154.
SCHMITZ H. 1924. Europäische Phoriden des Ungarischen National-Museums. Annales Musei Nationalis Hungarici 21: 79–86.
SCHMITZ H. 1927a. Ein endlich gelöstes Rätsel: Acht Diploneura-Arten statt einer. Wiener entomologische Zeitung 44: 66–73.
SCHMITZ H. 1927b. Die paläarktischen Arten der Gattung Phora Latr. Bestimmungsschlüssel und neue Arten. Konowia, Zeitschrift für systematische Insektenkunde 6 (2): 144–160.
SCHMITZ H. 1928. Die geographische Verbreitung der Europäischen Phoridenarten. Natuurhistorisch Maandblad 17 (10): 139–147.
SCHMITZ H. 1941. 33. Phoridae (1. Teilband). Lieferung 141. In: LINDNER E. (ed.), Die Fliegen der paläarktischen Region 4 (33): 65–128. E. Schweizerbartsche Verlagsbuchhandlung, Stuttgart.
SCHMITZ H. 1943. 33. Phoridae (1. Teilband). Lieferung 147 + 149. In: LINDNER E. (ed.), Die Fliegen der paläarktischen Region 4 (33): 129–192. E. Schweizerbartsche Verlagsbuchhandlung, Stuttgart.
SCHMITZ H. 1949. 33. Phoridae (1. Teilband). Lieferung 160. In: LINDNER E. (ed.), Die Fliegen der paläarktischen Region 4 (33): 193–240. E. Schweizerbartsche Verlagsbuchhandlung, Stuttgart.
SCHMITZ H. 1956. 33. Phoridae (1. Teilband). Lieferung 187. In: Lindner E. (ed.), Die Fliegen der paläarktischen Region 4 (33): 369–416. E. Schweizerbartsche Verlagsbuchhandlung, Stuttgart.
SCHUMANN H. 2002. Erster Nachtrag zur „Checkliste der Dipteren Deutschlands“. Studia Dipterologica 9 (2): 437–445.
SCHUMANN H. 2004. Zweiter Nachtrag zur „Checkliste der Dipteren Deutschlands“. Studia Dipterologica 11 (2): 619–630.
SCHUMANN H. 2009. Dritter Nachtrag zur „Checkliste der Dipteren Deutschlands“. Studia Dipterologica 16 (1/2): 17–27.
STRAKA V. 2015. Dvojkrídlovce (Diptera) Bielych Karpát a Považské podolia [The flies in the protected landscape area Biele Karpaty Mts., West Slovakia, and Považské podolie basin]. Naturae Tutela 19(2): 173–182. [in Slovak]
TOWNES H. 1972. A light-weight. Malaise trap. Entomological News 83: 239–247.
TRILTSCH H. 1999. Another record of Phalacrotophora delageae Disney (Diptera: Phoridae) parasitizing the pupae of Adalia bipunctata L. (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae). Studia Dipterologica 6 (1): 233–234.
VONSHAK M. & IONESCU-HIRSCH A. 2009. A checklist of the ants of Israel (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Israel Journal of Entomology 39: 33–55.
WEBER G. 2008 Fauna Europaea: Phoridae. In: BEUK P. & PAPE T. (2013) Fauna Europaea: Phoridae. Fauna Europaea ,version 2017.06, https://fauna-eu.org
WERNER D. 1997. Die Dipterenfauna verschiedener Mülldeponien und Kompostierungsanlagen in der Umgebung von Berlin unter besonderer Berücksichtigung ihrer Ökologie und Bionomie. Studia Dipterologica, Supplementum 1: 1–176.
WITTE V. , DISNEY R. H. L., WEISSFLOG A. & MASCHWITZ U. 2010. Studies in European ant-decapitating flies (Diptera: Phoridae): ant alarm pheromone as host finding cue in Pseudacteon brevicauda, a parasite of Myrmica rubra (Formicidae: Myrmicinae). Journal of Natural History 44 (15–16): 905–912. https://doi.org/10.1080/00222930903437366
ZAENKER S. & PRESCHER S. 2012. Buckelfliegen (Diptera: Phoridae) aus dem Nationalpark Kellerwald-Edersee – Eine Ergänzung zur Checkliste hessischer Buckelfliegen. Jahrbuch des nassauschen Vereins für Naturkunde 133: 15–24.