@misc{Tiwari_Prakash_C._Environmental_2015, author={Tiwari, Prakash C. and Joshi, Bhagwati}, volume={38}, copyright={Creative Commons Attribution BY 3.0 PL license}, address={Warszawa}, journal={Studia Obszarów Wiejskich}, howpublished={online}, year={2015}, publisher={IGiPZ PAN}, publisher={PTG}, language={eng}, abstract={The paper aims at interpreting inter-linkages between environmental changes and rural out-migration and at assessing their impacts on quality of life of rural women with a case illustration of Upper Kosi Catchment, Uttarakhand Himalayas, India. The results indicate that the availability of water, fuel-wood and fodder decreased, agricultural production declined and livelihood opportunities were reduced mainly due to depletion of natural resources. Consequently, the male out-migration increased by 15% during 1981–2011. This increased workload of women by 25%, more than 40% women are under severe threat of a variety of health risks generated mainly due to excess work-load, under-nourishment and lack of hygiene and sanitation.}, type={Text}, title={Environmental changes, rural out-migration and social dynamics in Himalayas}, URL={http://rcin.org.pl/igipz/Content/56655/PDF/WA51_76941_r2015-t38_SOW-Tiwari.pdf}, keywords={primary resource developers, ecosystem services, climate change, food and livelihood security, sanitation and health, sustainable development, India, Himalaya}, }