Od barier i izolacji do sieci i przestrzeni transgranicznej – konceptualizacja cyklu funkcjonowania granic państwowych = From barriers and isolation to transboundary space and networks – conceptualising ways in which state borders function

Więckowski, Marek (1971– )

doi:2300-8466 (on-line)

- ris
- BibTeX
- EndNote
- Csv

Od barier i izolacji do sieci i przestrzeni transgranicznej – konceptualizacja cyklu funkcjonowania granic państwowych = From barriers and isolation to transboundary space and networks – conceptualising ways in which state borders function Więckowski, Marek (1971– )

Object structure

Przegląd Geograficzny T. 91 z. 4 (2019)

Więckowski, Marek (1971– ) : Autor

state border ; barrier ; peripheries ; cross-border cooperation ; Poland ; European Union

Political boundaries represent a universal phenomenon and key element by which social and economic phenomena existing across space are structured. But both the presence and the nature (role, function, etc.) of borders are seen to vary temporally and spatially, with differentiated attendant consequences for socio-economic development. The present article relates to state borders, which separate certain areas off from others, while at the same time constituting meeting points and points of contact between them. While this would hold true whether we perceive the said borders as lines, areas or zones, the modern-day approach to borders is a multi-dimensional one that treats them as socio-spatial constructs revealing and articulating differentiation that truly exists. It is possible to note two opposing cause-and-effect processes here. On the one hand, there are different divisions and boundaries between many socio-economic and even natural phenomena that sanction the existence and locations of borders; while on the other the very existence of state borders establishes or reinforces the existence of other, new divisions that can be regarded as boundaries (even as they are not now necessarily state borders as such). I trust that this argumentation helps capture the essence of the geography present in considerations of boundaries and borders; as well as its changing but ever-important role, while at the same time generating opportunities for further research, and for the ongoing observation of the diverse processes linking up with the existence of borders. Variability and change of function would seem to offer a key to the understanding of the significances of borders and the influences they exert, as regards the border landscape, neighbourly (international) relations and phenomena of a socio-economic nature. In that light, four functions for borders are in fact proposed here – as barriers, peripheries, lines of differentiation and axes of integration. Each change has knock-on implications for transformations of function in regard to both borders as such and the areas adjacent to them. Thus, by making assumptions as to the fundamental aspects characterising variations in the nature of borders, it has been possible here to come up with proposals regarding the consequences these will bring with them. And even as a process whereby a border opens up is underway and integration is ensuing, it is still possible that change as a whole will falter or even stall, should issues arise locally (e.g. through conflict or other negative events), nationally (e.g. through unilateral or bilateral severing of agreements), or globally (e.g. thanks to external threat, a desire to protect domestic markets or a migration crisis). For these reasons, geopolitical considerations will always reign supreme over other borderland phenomena, determining directions of development and possibilities for borders (and adjacent areas) to function. In that light, this article stresses the still-relevant need for borders, borderlands and relevant ongoing processes to be made subject to theoretical conceptualisation and processing. And this would be true as regards, not only the spatial extent or scope of borderland areas, but also the changing conditioning, consequences and actions. In this, a challenge that continues to be present entails the founding of theoretical concepts for the borderland that draw on selected paradigms and stress the role and importance of border and borderland geography, along with its key subjects of interest. And, where the study of borders being pursued in Poland is concerned, it needs to be hoped that a new trajectory may be found and followed, with each conceptualisation exerting a summarising or theorising impact proving of value as form is given to a full new theory for the development of borders and borderlands in Poland and its neighbouring countries, with account taken, not merely of recent decades, but of a much longer time period.

Agnew J., Mitchell K., Toal G., 2003, Introduction, [w:] J. Agnew, K. Mitchell, G. Toal (red.), A Companion to Political Geography, Blackwell, Oxford, s. 1-9. https://doi.org/10.1002/9780470998946
Amilhat-Szary A., Giroult F., 2015, Borderities: The Politics of Contemporary Mobile Borders, [w:] A. Amilhat-Szary, F. Giroult (red.), Borderities and the Politics of Contemporary Mobile Borders, Palgrave Macmillan, Basingstoke, s. 1-19. https://doi.org/10.1057/9781137468857_1
Anderson J., O'Dowd L., 1999, Borders, Border Regions and Territoriality: Contradictory Meanings, Changing Significance, Regional Studies, 33, 7, s. 593-604. https://doi.org/10.1080/00343409950078648
Balibar E., 2002, Politics and the other scene, Verso, London.
Banfii S., Filippini M., Hunt L.C., 2005, Fuel tourism in border regions: The case of Switzerland, Energy Economics, 27, s. 689-707. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eneco.2005.04.006
Bański J., 2010, Granica w badaniach geograficznych - definicja i próba klasyfikacji, Przegląd Geograficzny, 82, 4, s. 489-508. https://doi.org/10.7163/PrzG.2010.4.1
Barbag J., 1974, Granica polityczna ogólna, PWN, Warszawa.
Blasco D., Guia J., Prats L., 2014, Emergence of governance in cross-border destinations, Annals of Tourism Research, 49, s. 159-173. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.annals.2014.09.002
Cerić D., 2019, Transgraniczna przestrzeń turystyczna obszarów morskich i nadmorskich na przykładzie Morza Bałtyckiego - próba wyjaśnienia pojęcia, Przegląd Geograficzny, 91, 4, s. 531-551.
Chojnicki Z., 1999, Podstawy metodologiczne i teoretyczne geografii, Bogucki Wydawnictwo Naukowe, Poznań.
Ciok S., 2004, Pogranicze polsko-niemieckie. Problemy współpracy transgranicznej, Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Wrocławskiego, Wrocław.
Cornett A., Snickars R., 2002, Trade and foreign direct investment as measures of spatial integration in the Baltic Sea region, Geographia Polonica, 75, 2, s. 33-55.
Dołzbłasz S., 2015, Symmetry or asymmetry? Cross-border openness of service providers in Polish-Czech and Polish-German border towns, Moravian Geographical Reports, 23, 1, s. 2-12. https://doi.org/10.1515/mgr-2015-0001
Dołzbłasz S., 2017, Sieci współpracy transgranicznej na pograniczach Polski, Rozprawy Naukowe IGiRR, 40, Uniwersytet Wrocławski, Wrocław.
Dołzbłasz S., 2018, A network approach to transborder cooperation studies as exemplified by Poland's eastern border, Geographia Polonica, 91, 1, s. 63-76. https://doi.org/10.7163/GPol.0091
Dołzbłasz S., 2019, Wybrane cechy zagospodarowania przestrzennego i aktywności gospodarczej w otoczeniu miejsc przekraczania granicy polsko-niemieckiej, Przegląd Geograficzny, 91, 4, s. 487-510.
Dołzbłasz S., Raczyk A., 2010, Współpraca transgraniczna w Polsce po akcesji do UE, Oficyna Wolters Kluwer, Warszawa.
Dołzbłasz S., Raczyk A., 2015, Different borders-different cooperation? Transborder cooperation in Poland, Geographical Review, 105, 3, s. 360-376. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1931-0846.2015.12077.x
Duda T., 2018, Kierunki i perspektywy rozwoju turystyki kulturowej w transgranicznej przestrzeni współdzielonego dziedzictwa (przykład Pomorza Zachodniego), Folia Turistica, 48, s. 41-59.
Fall J., 2005, Drawing the Line: Nature, Hybridity and Politics in Transboundary Spaces, Ashgate, Aldershot.
Galluser W.A., 1994, Borders as necessities and challenges: human geographic insights paving the way to a new border awareness, [w:] W.A. Gallusser (red.), Political boundaries and coexistence, Peter Lang, Bern.
Gelbman A., Timothy D.J., 2011, Border complexity, tourism and international exclaves: A case study, Annals of Tourism Research, 38, 1, s. 110-131 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.annals.2010.06.002
Giersch H., 1949, Economic union between nations and the location of industries, The Review of Economic Studies, 17, 43, s. 87-97. https://doi.org/10.2307/2295866
Goodall B., 1987, The dictionary of human geography, Penguin, London.
Gorzym-Wilkowski W., 2005, Region transgraniczny na tle podstawowych pojęć́ geograficznych - próba syntezy, Przegląd Geograficzny, 77, 2, s. 235-252.
Grosse T.G., 2007, Wybrane koncepcje teoretyczne i doświadczenia praktyczne dotyczące rozwoju regionów peryferyjnych, Studia Regionalne i Lokalne, 27, 1, s. 27-49.
Guichonnet P., Raffestin C., 1974, Géographie des Frontières, PUF, Paris.
Haas E.B., 1964, Beynod the National state, Functionalism and International Organization, Stanford University Press, Stanford.
Hansen H., 1981, The border economy: regional development in the southwest, University of Texas Press, Austin.
Hartshorne R., 1936, Suggestions on the terminology of political boundaries, Annals of the Association of American Geographers, 22.
Herrschel T., 2011, Borders in post-socialist Europe: Territory, scale, society. Farnham, Ashgate.
Hirschman A.O., 1958, The strategy of economic development, Yale University Press, New Haven, Conn.
Jakubowski A., Miszczuk A., Kawałko B., Komornicki T., Szul R., 2017, New borderland. Cross-border relations and regional development, Series: Regions and Cities, Regional Studies Association, Routledge, Oxon - New York.
Kałuski S., 2017, Blizny historii. Geografia granic politycznych współczesnego świata, Wydawnictwo Akademickie Dialog, Warszawa.
Kolosov V., Medvedev A., Zotova M., 2018, Comparing the development of border regions with the use of GIS (the case of Russia), Geographia Polonica, 91, 1, s. 47-61. https://doi.org/10.7163/GPol.0090
Kolosov V., Więckowski M., 2018, Border changes in Central and Eastern Europe: An introduction, Geographia Polonica, 91, 1, s. 5-16. https://doi.org/10.7163/GPol.0106
Komornicki T., Wiśniewski R., Miszczuk A., 2019, Delimitacja przygranicznych obszarów problemowych, Przegląd Geograficzny, 91, 4, s. 467-486. https://doi.org/10.7163/PrzG.2019.2
Komornicki T., Miszczuk A., 2010, Eastern Poland as the borderland of the European Union. Quaestiones Geographicae, 29, 2, s. 55-69. https://doi.org/10.2478/v10117-010-0014-5
Komornicki T., 1999, Granice Polski. Analiza zmian przenikalności w latach 1990-1996, Geopolitical Studies, 5, IGiPZ PAN, Warszawa.
Konopski M., Wiśniewski R., 2019, Wpływ reformy administracyjnej na tożsamość terytorialną mieszkańców północno-wschodniej Polski, Przegląd Geograficzny, 91, 4, s. 609-630. https://doi.org/10.7163/PrzG.2019.2
Kosmala G., 2015, Granice polityczne a turystyka, Studia z Geografii Politycznej i Historycznej, 4, s. 169-200. https://doi.org/10.18778/2300-0562.04.07
Kristof L.D.K., 1959, The nature of frontiers and boundaries, Annals of the Association of American Geographers, 49, s. 269-282. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8306.1959.tb01613.x
Kulczyńska K., 2014, Miasta podzielone w Europie, Studia Miejskie, 15, s. 101-119.
Leimgruber W., 1981, Political boundaries as a factor in regional integration: Examples from Basle and Ticino, Regio Basiliensis, 22, s. 192-201.
Leimgruber W., 2005, Boundaries and transborder relations, or the hole in the prison wall: on the necessity of superfluous limits and boundaries, GeoJournal, 64, s. 239-248. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10708-006-7185-6
Lewkowicz Ł., 2019, Uwarunkowania i formy instytucjonalnej polsko-czeskiej współpracy transgranicznej, Przegląd Geograficzny, 91, 4, s. 511-530.
Lösch A., 1961, Gospodarka przestrzenna. Teoria i lokalizacja, PWN, Warszawa.
Mamadouh V., 2015, Chairs' Column: Borderitis, Newsletter of IGU Commission on Political Geography, 19, s. 2-5.
Marshall T., 2015, Więźniowie geografii, czyli wszystko, co chciałbyś wiedzieć o globalnej polityce, Wydawnictwo Zysk i S-ka, Poznań.
Martinez O.J., 1994, The dynamics of border interaction - New approaches to border analysis, [w:] C.H. Schofield (red.), World boundaries, global boundaries, 1, Routledge, London, s. 1-15.
Mayer M., Zbaraszewski W., Pieńkowski D., Gach G., Gernert J., 2019, Cross-Border Tourism in Protected Areas. Geographies of Tourism and Global Change, Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-05961-3
Michniak D., Więckowski M., Stępniak M., Rosik P., 2015, The impact of selected planned motorways and expressways on the potential accessibility of the Polish-Slovak borderland with respect to tourism development, Moravian Geographical Report, 23, 1, s. 13-20. https://doi.org/10.1515/mgr-2015-0002
Mihghi J.V., 1963, Boundary studies in political geography, Annals of the Association of American Geographers, 53, 3, s. 407-428. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8306.1963.tb00457.x
Miszczuk A., 2013, Uwarunkowania peryferyjności regionu przygranicznego, Norbertinum, Lublin.
Moraczewska A., 2008, Transformacja funkcji granic Polski, Wydawnictwo UMCS, Lublin.
Myrdal G., 1957, Economic theory and under-developed regions, Duckworth, London.
Newman D., 2002, The lines that separate boundaries and borders in political geography, [w:] J. Agnew, G. Toal (red.), A companion to political geography, Blackwell, Oxford, s. 123-137.
Newman D., Paasi A., 1998, Fences and Neighbours in the Postmodern World: Boundary Narratives in Political Geography, Progress in Human Geography, 22, 2, s. 186-207. https://doi.org/10.1191/030913298666039113
Nilsson J.H., Eskilsson L., Ek R., 2010, Creating cross-border destinations: Interreg programmes and regionalisation in the Baltic Sea area, Scandinavian Journal of Hospitality and Tourism, 10, 2, s. 153-172. https://doi.org/10.1080/15022250903561978
Paasi A., 2012, Commentary: Border studies reanimated: Going beyond the territorial/relational divide, Environment and Planning A, 44, 10, s. 2303-2309. https://doi.org/10.1068/a45282
Palmowski T., 2000, Rola regionów transgranicznych w procesie integracji Europy Bałtyckiej, Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Gdańskiego, Gdańsk.
Palmowski T., Tarkowski M., 2018, Baltic Cooperation in Marine Spatial Planning, Baltic Region, 10, 2, s. 100-113. https://doi.org/10.5922/2079-8555-2018-2-7
Perroux F., 1950, Economic space: theory and applications, Quarterly Journal of Economics, 64, s. 89-104. https://doi.org/10.2307/1881960
Popescu G., 2011, Bordering and ordering in the twenty-first century: Understanding borders, Rowman & Littlefield, Lantham.
Pound N.J.G., 1963, Political geography, McGraw-Hill, New York.
Powęska H., 2004, Cross-Border shopping in Poland during the period of transformation the spatial reach of the phenomena, [w:] J. Kitowski (red.), Central and Eastern Europe at the threshold of the European Union - an opening balance, Geopolitical Studies, 12, IGiPZ PAN, Uniwersytet Rzeszowski, s. 335-342.
Prescott J.R.V., 1987, Political frontiers and boundaries, Unwin Hyman, London.
Price F.M., 2015 Transnational governance in mountain regions: Progress and prospects, Environmental Science & Policy, 49, s. 95-105. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envsci.2014.09.009
Prokkola E.-K., 2008, Resources and barriers in tourism development: cross-border cooperation, regionalization and destination building at the Finnish-Swedish border, Fennia, 186, 1, s. 31-46.
Prokkola E.-K., Lois M., 2016, Scalar politics of border heritage: an examination of the EU's northern and southern border areas, Scandinavian Journal of Hospitality and Tourism, 16, 1, s. 14-35. https://doi.org/10.1080/15022250.2016.1244505
Raczyk A., Dołzbłasz S., Leśniak-Johann M., 2012, Relacje współpracy i konkurencji na obszarze pogranicza polsko-niemieckiego, Gaskor, Wrocław.
Raffestin C., 1986, Eléments pour une théorie de la frontière, Diogène, 134, s. 3-21.
Ramutsindela M., 2013, Experienced regions and borders: The challenge for transactional approaches, Regional Studies, 47, 1, s. 43-54. https://doi.org/10.1080/00343404.2011.618121
Renard J.-P, Picouet P., 1993, Frontières et territoires, La documentation photographique, La Documentation française, 7016, Paris.
Ricq Ch., 2006, Handbook of transfrontier cooperation, Edition, Paris.
Rietveld P., Bruinsma F.R., van Vuuren D.J., 2001, Spatial graduation of fuel taxes; consequences for crossborder and domestic fuelling, Transportation Research, A, 35, s. 433-457. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0965-8564(00)00002-1
Rykiel Z., 1991, Rozwój regionów stykowych w teorii i w badaniach empirycznych, Wydawnictwo Polskiej Akademii Nauk, Wrocław, Warszawa, Kraków.
Scott J., 2018, Border politics in Central Europe: Hungary and the role of national scale and nation-building, Geographia Polonica, 91, 1, s. 17-32. https://doi.org/10.7163/GPol.0101
Sobczyński M., 2018, Polityczne, ekonomiczne i społeczne przyczyny napływu uchodźców do Europy oraz główne szlaki migracyjne, [w:] R. Żelichowski (red.), Droga usiana drutami. Imigrancka odyseja do Europy, ISP PAN, Warszawa.
Söhn C., 2013, The border as a resource in the global urban space: a contribution to the cross-border metropolis hypothesis, International Journal of Urban and Regional Research, 37, s. 587-608.
Spierings B., van der Velde M., 2008, Shopping, borders and unfamiliarity: consumer mobility in Europe, Tijdschrift voor Economische en Sociale Geografie, 99, 4, s. 497-505. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9663.2008.00484.x
Stepanova S.V., 2019, Czynniki rozwoju turystyki przygranicznej na rosyjsko-fińskich obszarach przygranicznych, Przegląd Geograficzny, 91, 4, s. 573-587. https://doi.org/10.7163/PrzG.2019.4.7
Stoffelen A., Ioannides D., Vanneste D., 2017, Obstacles to achieving cross-border tourism governance: A multi-scalar approach focusing on the German-Czech borderlands, Annals of Tourism Research, 64, s. 126-138. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.annals.2017.03.003
Stoffelen A., Vanneste D., 2017, Tourism and cross-border regional development: insights in European contexts, European Planning Studies, 25, 6, s. 1013-1033. https://doi.org/10.1080/09654313.2017.1291585
Studzieniecki T., Meyer B., 2017, The programming of tourism development in Polish cross-border areas during the 2007-2013 period, 6th Central European Conference in Regional Science - CERS, s. 506-516.
Studzińska D., 2019, Wybrane aspekty transformacji funkcji i stopnia przenikalności granicy polsko-rosyjskiej, Przegląd Geograficzny, 91, 4, s. 553-571. https://doi.org/10.7163/PrzG.2019.4.6
Szytniewski B., Spierings B., 2017, Place image formation and cross-border shopping: German shoppers in the Polish bazaar in Słubice, Tijdschrift voor Economische en Sociale Geografie, 109, 2, s. 295-308. https://doi.org/10.1111/tesg.12283
Timothy D.J., 1995, Political boundaries and tourism: borders as tourist attractions, Tourism Management, 16, 7, s. 525-532. https://doi.org/10.1016/0261-5177(95)00070-5
Timothy D.J., 2001, Tourism and political boundaries, Routledge Advances in Tourism, London and New York. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203214480
Timothy D.J., Saarinen J., 2013, Cross-border cooperation and tourism in Europe, [w:] C. Costa, E. Panyik, D. Buhalis (red.), Trends in European tourism planning and organization, Channel View Publications, Bristol. https://doi.org/10.21832/9781845414122-009
Timothy D.J., Saarinen J., Viken A., 2016, Tourism issues and international borders in the Nordic Region, Scandinavian Journal of Hospitality and Tourism, 16, 1, s. 1-13. https://doi.org/10.1080/15022250.2016.1244504
Timothy D.J., Gelbman A., 2015, Tourist lodging, spatial relations, and the cultural heritage of borderlands, Journal of Heritage Tourism, 10, 2, s. 1-11. https://doi.org/10.1080/1743873X.2014.985227
Vallet E. (red.), 2016, Borders, Fences and Walls. State of Insecurity, Routledge, Oxon - New York.
van der Velde M., Spierings B., 2010, Consumer mobility and the communication of difference: Reflecting on cross-border shopping practices and experiences in the Dutch-German borderland, Journal of Borderlands Studies, 25, s. 191-205. https://doi.org/10.1080/08865655.2010.9695781
van Houtum H., 1999, Internationalisation and mental borders, Tijdschrift voor Economische en Sociale Geografie, 90, 3, s. 329-335. https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-9663.00074
van Houtum H., 2000, An Overwiev of European Geographical Research on Borders and Border Region, Journal of Borderlands Studies, 15, 1, s. 57-83. https://doi.org/10.1080/08865655.2000.9695542
van Houtum H., van Naerssen T., 2002, Bordering, ordering and othering, Tijdschrift voor Economische en Sociale Geografie, 93, 2, s. 125-136. https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-9663.00189
Wastl-Walter D., Varadi M., Veider F., 2003, Coping with marginality: to stay or to go, Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies, 29, 5, s. 797-817. https://doi.org/10.1080/1369183032000149578
Węcławowicz G., Degórski M., Komornicki T., Korzeń Ja., Bański J., Korzeń Ju., Soja R., Śleszyński P., Więckowski M., 2006, Studia nad przestrzennym zagospodarowaniem obszaru wzdłuż granicy polsko-niemieckiej, Prace Geograficzne, 207, IGiPZ PAN, Warszawa.
Więckowski M., 2004, Przyrodnicze uwarunkowania kształtowania się polsko-słowackich więzi transgranicznych, Prace Geograficzne, 195, IGiPZ PAN, Warszawa.
Więckowski M., 2010, Turystyka na obszarach przygranicznych Polski, Prace Geograficzne, 224, IGiPZ PAN, Warszawa.
Więckowski M., 2013, Eco-frontier in the mountainous borderlands of Central Europe. The case of Polish border parks, Journal of Alpine Research/Revue de géographie alpine, 101, 2, s. 1-13. https://doi.org/10.4000/rga.2107
Więckowski M., 2018, Political borders under ecological control on the Polish borderlands, Geographia Polonica, 91, 1, s. 127-138. https://doi.org/10.7163/GPol.0105
Więckowski M., Cerić D., 2016, Evolving tourism on the Baltic Sea coast: perspectives on change in the Polish maritime borderland, Scandinavian Journal of Hospitality and Tourism, 16, sup. 1, s. 98-111. https://doi.org/10.1080/15022250.2016.1244598
Więckowski M., Cyargeenka A., 2019, Wpływ złagodzenia reżimu granicznego na Białorusi na wielkość ruchu turystycznego - wstęp do badań, Przegląd Geograficzny, 91, 4, s. 589-608.
Wróblewski Ł., 2017, Koncepcja pięciostopniowej integracji regionów przygranicznych, Difin, Warszawa.
Zaucha J., 2018, Gospodarowanie przestrzenią morską, Sedno, Warszawa.
Żelichowski R., 2018, Od kultury powitania do kultury odrzucenia - dwie strony tej samej imigranckiej monety, [w:] R. Żelichowski (red.), Droga usiana drutami. Imigrancka odyseja do Europy, ISP PAN, Warszawa, s. 55-96.