@misc{Krams_Indriķis_Individuals_1998,
 author={Krams, Indriķis},
 editor={Polish Academy of Sciences. Institute of Ecology},
 copyright={Creative Commons Attribution BY 3.0 PL license},
 address={Dziekanów Leśny},
 howpublished={online},
 year={1998},
 language={eng},
 abstract={Mixed-species flocks represent a prevalent sociality form of the forest wintering parids. Efficient use of time is of high survival value for individual foragers. It was found that in groups composed of willow (Parus montanus) and crested tits (P. cristatus) intraspecific competition appears to be more severe than interspecific interference. Decreasing time allocated to intraspecific aggressiveness, social individuals in mixed-species flocks supposedly increase their probability of survival till the next breeding season. Social dependence of the two tit species was controlled by observations of their fattening strategies. Willow tits were considered to substitute for the lacking crested tits, since replacement of their metabolized energy was found to be dependent on the influence of dominant crested tits.},
 title={Individuals adjust their body reserves to dominance position within mixed flocks of the wilow (Parus montanus) and the crested tit (P. cristatus): a field experiment},
 type={Text},
 URL={http://rcin.org.pl/miiz/Content/98265/PDF/WA058_90645_P2840-T46_Eko-Pol-A-Nr-2.pdf},
 volume={46},
 number={2},
 journal={Polish Journal of Ecology},
 publisher={Polish Academy of Sciences. Institute of Ecology. Publishing Office},
 keywords={mixed-species flocks, willow tits, crested tits, body reserves, aggressive interactions, benefits and costs},
}