Subtitle:

Fragmenta Faunistica, vol. 52, no. 2 ; Most troublesome mosquito ; Przegląd gatunków komarów (Diptera: Culicidae) stwarzających największe problemy w Polsce

Contributor:

Polska Akademia Nauk. Muzeum i Instytut Zoologii

Publisher:

Museum and Institute of Zoology, PAS

Place of publishing:

Warszawa

Description:

Bibliogr. p. 174-178 ; P. 157-179 ; 25 cm ; Abstarct in Polish. Taxa in Latin

Type of object:

Journal/Article

Abstract:

Twelve of the 47 Polish mosquito species can pose serious health problems to man or at least heavy nuisance. They fly from breeding sites (where huge numbers can be produced) into houses and/or farm buildings transmitting severe human and animal diseases. Problematic ones are: Anopheles messae and An. atroparvus, Ochlerotatus communis, Oc. cataphylla, Oc. punctor, Oc. cantans, Oc. sticticus, Aedes cinereus, Ae. vexans, Coquillettidia richiardii, Culex pipiens and Culiseta annulata. The problems of distribution, phenology under different climatic conditions, habitat requirements and preferences both of larvae and adults, behaviour, fertility and vector competence of all these species are analyzed. Most of the species in the Temperate Zone produce more than one generation during the growing season or at least have several emergences. Only Oc. communis and Oc. cataphylla are early spring univoltine species, although they can breed twice or more during the growing season when there are favourable conditions. Univoltine Oc. cantans, which can develop several times during a season, occurring in the breeding sites often together with multivoltine Oc. punctor. The period of their occurrence is usually much longer than that of Oc. communis and Oc. cataphylla. Flood-water mosquitoes - Oc. sticticus and both Aedes species occur along river valleys and their larvae can breed in different pools situated in a variety of environments. Culex pipiens, especially its form molestus and Culiseta annulata can breed in natural and artificial ponds, even in heavily polluted water. Although mosquitoes are known to be competent vectors of serious human and animal diseases, in Poland they are considered to cause nuisance only. Despite the fact that malaria was eradicated in Poland in 1960-s, at least two Polish anopheline species can still transmit the human malarial parasite very effectively. The remaining species (except for only one) described in the paper can transmit several arboviruses, while several species are vectors of filariosis (Dirofilaria sp.).

References:

ALDEMÜR A. & BOŞGELMEZ A. 2006. Population Dynamics of Adults and Immature Stages of Mosquitoes (Diptera:Culicidae) in Golbaşi District, Ankara*. Turkish Journal of Zoology 30: 9-17.
APPERSON C. S., HARRISON B. A., UNNASCH T. R., HASSAN K. H., IRBY W. S., SAVAGE H. M., ASPEN S. E., WATSON D. W., RUEDA L. M., ENGBER B. R. & NASCI R. S. 2002. Host-Feeding habits of Culex and Other Mosquitoes (Diptera, Culicidae) in the Borough of Queens in New York City, with Characters and Techniques for Identification of Culex Mosquitoes. Journal of Medical Entomology 39: 777-785.
BARDOS V., RYBA J., HUBALEK Z. & OLEJNICEK, J. 1978. Virological examination of mosquito larvae from southern Moravia. Folia Parasitologica (Prague) 25:75-78.
BECKER N., PETRIC D., BOASE C., ZGOMBA M., LANE J., DAHL C. & KAISER A. 2003. Mosquitoes and Their Control.Kluwer Academic/Plenum Publishers, New York, Boston, Dordrecht, London, Moscow, xxi+498 pp.
BOŽIČIĆ B. & MOROVIĆ M. 1987. The fauna of Durmitor, 2: Culicidae (Insecta, Diptera) - Cmogorska Akademija Nauka i Umjetnosti, Titograd. Knjiga 21, Odjeljenje prirodnih nauka, Knjiga 13: 177-200.
BRUMMER-KORVENKONTIO M., KORHONEN P. & HÄMEEN-ANTTILA R. 1971. Ecology and phenology of mosquitoes (Dipt., Culicidae) inhabiting small pools in Finland. Acta Entomologica Fennica 28: 51-73.
BRUST R. A. 1980. Dispersal behaviour of adult Aedes sticticus and Aedes vexans (Diptera: Culicidae) in Manitoba.Canadian Entomologist 112: 31-42.
BUCKLEY A., DAWSON A., MOSS S. R., HINSLEY S. A., BELLAMY P. A. & GOULD E. A. 2003: Serological evidence of West Nile virus, Usutu virus and Sindbis virus infection of birds in the UK. Journal of General Virology 84: 2807-2817.
Cancrini G., Magi M., Gabrielli S., Arispici M., Tolari F., Dell'omodarme M. & Prati M. C. 2006. Natural vectors of dirofilariasis in rural and urban areas of the Tuscan region, Central Italy. Journal of Medical Entomology 43: 574-579.
CARPENTER, S. J. & Nielsen, L. T. 1965. Ovarian cycles and longevity in some univoltine Aedes species in the Rocky Mountains of western United States. Mosquito News 25: 127-134.
CHODOROWSKI A. 1958. Influence of the drying-up of temporarily-formed pools on the rate of development of mosquito larvae of the Aedes genus. Ekologia Polska Ser. B 4: 35-39. [In Polish].
CHODOROWSKI A. 1969. The desiccation of ephemeral pools and the rate of development of Aedes communis larvae.Polskie Archiwum Hydrobiologii 16: 79-91.
DANILEVSKIY A. S. & GLINYANAYA E. I. 1958. The dependence of the gonotrophic cycle and imaginal diapause of blood-sucking mosquitoes on variation in day-length. In: DANILEVSKIY A. S (ed.), The Ecology of Insects, pp. 34- 51. Uchenye Zapisky Leningradskovo Ordena Lenina Gosudarstviennovo Universiteta, Series of Biological Sciences No. 240, Leningrad, 160 pp.
DAHL C., NIELSEN L. T. & PETERSSON E. 2004. Mosquito larvae (Diptera: Culicidae) in snow-melt pools in a Swedish Lapland Area. Journal of Vector Ecology 29: 109-123.
DĄBROWSKA E. & Tarwid K. 1954. Remarks on the occurrence of forest mosquito associations in the Kampinos Forest.Ekologia Polska 2: 203-214. [In Polish with English summary].
DĄBROWSKA-PROT E. 1962. Reactions of some mosquito species to microclimatic factors. Bulletin of the Polish Academy of Sciences 10: 531-535.
DĄBROWSKA-PROT E. 1966. Changes of the vertical distribution of mosquitoes in forest environment. Ekologia Polska. Ser. A 14: 635-650.
DĄBROWSKA-PROT E. 1979. Mosquitoes - the components of aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems. Polish ecological Studies 5: 5-88.
De JONG R. & Knols B. G. J. 1995. Selection of biting sites on man by two malaria mosquito species. Experientia 51: 80-84.
DOWNE, A. E. R. 1960. Blood-meal sources and notes on host preferences of some Aedes mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae). Canadian Journal of Zoology. 38: 689-699.
ELLIS R. A. & Brust R. A. 1973. Sibling species delimination in the Aedes communis (De Geer) aggregate (Diptera: Culicidae). Canadian Journal of Zoology 51: 915-959.
EDWARDS F. W. 1932. Genera insectorum. Diptera. Fam. Culicidae. Fasc. 194. Desmet-Verteneuil, Brussels, 258 pp.
FARAN M. E. & BAILEY C. L. 1980. Discovery of overwintering adult female of Culiseta annulata in Baltimore. Mosquito News 40: 284—287.
GJULLIN C. M., Yates W. W. & Stage H. H. 1950. Studies on Aedes vexans (Meig.) and Aedes sticticus (Meig.), flood-water mosquitoes, in the lower Columbia River Valley. Annals of the Entomological Society of America 43: 262-275.
GJULLIN C. M., Hegarty C. P. & Bollen W. B.. 2005. The necessity of a low oxygen concentration for the hatching of Aedes mosquito eggs. Journal of Cellular Physiology 17: 193-202.
GUILLE G. 1976. Recherches eco-etthologque sur Coquillettidia (Coquillettidia) richiardii (Ficalbi) 1889 (Diptera - Culicidae) du litoral mediteraneen franęais. II. Milieu et component. Annales des Sciences Naturelles (Zoologie) 18: 5-112.
GOZHENKO V. A. 1978. Biotopes and times of development of Mansonia richiardii (Ficalbi) 1889 in the conditions of Ukrainian steppes. Meditsinskaia Parazitologiia i Parazitamye Bolezni 47: 36-40.
GUNSTREAM S. E. & CHEW R. M. 1964. Contribution to the Ecology of Aedes vexans (Diptera: Culicidae) in the Coachella Valley, California. Annals of the Entomological Society of America 57: 383-387
GUTSEVICH A. V., Monchadskh A. S. & SHTAKELBERG A. A. 1971. Fauna of the U.S.S.R. Diptera Volume 3, No. 4. Mosquitoes - Family Culicidae. Academy of Sciences USSR, Zoological Institute, New Series No. 100, 408 pp. [In Russian].
Harbach R. E., HARRISON B. A. & GAD A. M. 1984. Culex (Culex) molestus Forskal (Diptera: Culicidae): neotype designation, description, variation, and taxonomic status. Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington 86: 521-542.
HARBACH R. E. & Howard T. M. 2007. Index of currently recognized mosquito species (Diptera: Culicidae). European Mosquito Bulletin 23: 1-66.
HARKSEN E., Monke R. & SCHUMANN H. 1976. Faunistisch-okologische Untersuchungen zur Stechmuckenfauna Berlins. Deutsche Entomologische Zeitschrift, N. F. 23: 367^106.
HATHERLY I. S., DOLMAN A. M & Anderson M. 2009. Mosquito breeding in tyre disposal sites in the West Midlands region of the UK. Journal of Environmental Health Research 9: 7-16.
HERMANOWSKA-SZPAKOWICZ T., GRYGORCZUK S., KONDRUSIK M., ZAJKOWSKA J. & PANCEWICZ S. 2006. Infections caused by West Nile Virus. Przegląd Epidemiologiczny 60: 93-98.
HORSFALL W. R. 1954. A migration of Aedes vexans Meigen. Journal of Economic Entomology 47: 544.
HUBÁLEK Z. & HALOUZKA J. 1996. Arthropod-borne viruses of vertebrates in Europe. Acta Scientarum Naturalium. Brno 30 (4—5): 95 pp.
HUBÁLEK Z. & HALOUZKA J. 1999. West Nile Fever - a reemerging mosquito-bome viral disease in europe. Emerging Infectious Diseases 5: 643-650.
HUBÁLEK Z. & HALOUZKA J. & JUŘICOVÁ Z.1999. West Nile Fever in Czechland. Emerging Infectious Diseases 5: 594-595.
HUBÁLEK Z. SAVAGE H. M, HALOUZKA J., JUŘICOVÁ Z., SANOGO Y. O. & Lusk S. 2000. West Nile virusinvestigations in South Moravia, Czechland. Viral Immunology 13: 427-433.
HUBÁLEK Z., HALOUZKA J., JUŘICOVÁ Z., ŠIKUTOVÁ S., RUDOLF I., HONZA M., JANKOVÁ J., CHYTIL J., MAREC F. &, SITKO J. 2008a. Serologic survey of birds for West Nile Flavivirus in Southern Moravia (Czech Republic). Vector-Borne and Zoonotic Diseases 8: 659-666.
HUBÁLEK Z., WEGNER E., HALOUZKA J., TRYJANOWSKI P., JERZAK L., ŠIKUTOVÁ S. S., RUDOLF I., KRUSZEWICZ A. G., JAWORSKI Z. & WŁODARCZYK R 2008b. Serologic survey of potential vertebrate hosts for West Nile virus (Flaviviridae) in Poland. Viral Immunology 21: 247-254.
JALILI N., HALGOŚ J., ONDRISKA F. & BRESTOVSKY J. 1999. Mosquito communities of the Morava flood plain area during floods in 1997. Dipterologica bohemoslovaca 9: 77-81.
KAISER A., JERRENTRUP H., SAMANIDOU-VOYADJOGLOU A. & BECKER N. 2001. Contribution to the distribution of European mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae): four new country records from northern Greece. European Mosquito Bulletin 10: 9-20.
KARCZEWSKI B. & Krzemiński J. K. 1965. Investigations on the biting mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae) in the Park Pałacowy in Jabłonna near Warszawa. Fragmenta Faunistica 12: 153-163.
KOWALSKA-ULCZYŃSKA B. & GIŁKA W. 2003. Mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae) of a village Wyskok in Masurian Lowland. Wiadomości Entomologiczne 22: 91-100. [In Polish with English abstract].
KRAMÁŘ J. 1958. Fauna ĆSR. Svazek 13. Komari bodavi - Culicinae. Praha. 286 pp.
KUBICA-BlERNAT B. 2005. Malaria and its vectors in Poland. In: BUCZEK A., BŁASZAK Cz. (eds), Stawonogi Różnorodność form i oddziaływań, pp. 281-287. Koliber, Lublin, 374 pp. [In Polish with English abstract].
KUBICA-BlERNAT B. & KOWALSKA-ULCZYŃSKA B. 2006. Mosquito fauna (Diptera: Culicidae) of the Vistula Spit. In: A. BUCZEK, Cz. Błaszak (eds), Stawonogi. Znaczenie epidemiologiczne, pp. 145-151. Koliber, Lublin, 345 pp.[In Polish with English abstract].
Kubica-Biernat B., Kowalska-Ulczyńska B. & STAŃCZAK J. 2007: Mosquito fauna (Diptera: Culicidae) of the Gdansk Agglomeration. In: BUCZEK A. & BŁASZAK Cz. (eds), Stawonogi. Środowisko, patogeny i żywiciele, pp. 61-66. Koliber, Lublin, 361 pp. [In Polish with English abstract].
KUKHARTCHUK L. P. 1980. Blood sucking mosquitoes (Diptera, Culicidae) of Siberia. Nauka, Novosibirsk, 223 pp. [In Russian].
LABUDA M., KOŽUCH O. & GREŠÍKOVÁ M. 1974. Isolation of West Nile virus from Aedes cantans mosquitoes in West Slovakia. Acta Virologica 18: 429-433.
LINKE S., NIEDRIG M., KAISER A., ELLERBROK .H, MÜLLER K., MÜLLER T., CONRATHS F.J., MÜHLE R. U., SCHMIDT D., KÖPPEN .U, BAIRLEIN F., BERTHOLD P., PAULI G. . 2007. Serologic evidence of West Nile virus infections in wild birds captured in Germany. American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 77: 358-364.
LUMIAHO I. & ITÄMIES J. 1981. On the phenology and ecology of mosquito larvae (Diptera, Culicidae) at Vihanti, central Finland. Annales Entomologici Fennici 47: 1-10.
LUNDSTRÖM J., SCHÄFER M.& PETERSSON E. 2008. Comparisons of mosquito population by wetland type and year in the lower River Dalalven region, Central Sweden. Journal of Vector Ecology 33: 150-157.
LUKASIAK J. 1965. The studies of the occurrence of Culicinae (Diptera, Culicidae j in Warszawa and its surroundings. Fragmenta Faunistica 12: 1-13.
LUKASIAK J. 1959. Appearance of stinging gnats in the eastern part of Kampinos Wilderness. Acta Parasitologica Polonica, 7: 307-314. [In Polish with English abstract],
MARSHALL J. F. 1938. The British Mosquitoes. London, Natural History Museum, 341 pp.
MARTINI E. 1931. Culicidae. In: LINDNER: Die Fliegen der Palaearktischen Region. E. Schweizerbarf sche Verlagsbuchhandlung, Stuttgart. 398 pp.
MERDIĆ E. 1995. Vertical distribution of the mosquitoes (Dipt., Culicidae) in the mountain of Papuk, Croatia. Entomologia Croatica 1: 25-33.
MlCHALKOVÁ V. & HALGOŚ J. 2005. Phenology of the mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae) in the Morava River Flood Plain. Dipteron: 21: 13-15.
MINÁŘ J. & KRAMÁŘ J. 1980 Faunistics and zoogeography of mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae) of central Europe in view of forest communities. Acta Musei Reginaehradecensis. S. A. Suppl.: 68-70.
MOLAEI G. & ANDREADIS T. G. 2006. Identification of avian- and mammalian-derived bloodmeals in Aedes vexans and Culiseta melanura (Diptera: Culicidae) and its implication for West Nile virus transmission in Connecticut, USA. Journal of Medical Entomology 43: 1088-1093.
MOHRIG W. 1964. Faunistisch-ókologische Untersuchungen an Culiciden der Umgebung von Greifswald. Deutsche Entomologische Zeitschrift 11: 337-352.
MOHRIG W. 1969. Die Culiciden Deutschlands. Untersuchungen zur Taxonomie, Biologie und Ókologie der einheimischen Stechmucken. Parasitologische Schriftenreihe, Heft 18. Gustav Fischer Verlag, Jena. 260 pp.
NATVIG L. R. 1948. Contributions to the knowledge of the Danish and Fennoscandian mosquitoes (Culicini). Norsk Entomologisk Tidsskrift, Suppl. 1, 567 pp.
NlCOLESCU G., VLADIMIRESCU A. & ClOLPAN O. 2003. The distribution of mosquitoes in Romania (Diptera: Culicidae). Part II: Culiseta, Coquillettidia, Ochlerotatus, Orthopodomyia and Uranotaenia. European Mosquito Bulletin 14: 1-15.
NOWICKI M. 1873. Beitrage zur Kenntnis der Dipterenfauna Galiziens. Krakau, 35 pp.
OKRÓY-RYSOP G., WEGNER Z. & STAŃCZAK J. 1991. Mosquitoes (Diptera, Culicidae) found in the coastal region from Wejherowo to Darłowo. Wiadomości Parazytologiczne 37: 45-51. [In Polish with English abstract]
PEUS F. 1950. Stechmucken. Akademische Verlagsgesellschaft, Leipzig-Wittenberg, 80 pp.
PUTKURI N., VAHERI A. & Vapalahti O. 2007. Prevalence and Protein Specificity of Human Antibodies to Inkoo Virus Infection. Clinical and Vaccine Immunology 14 (12): 1555-1562.
RAMSDALE C. & Snow K. 1999. A preliminary checklist of European mosquitoes. European Mosquito Bulletin 5: 25-35.
RENSHAW M., SERVICE M. W. & BiRLEY M. H. 1993. Density dependent regulation of Aedes cantans (Diptera: Culicidae) in natural and artificial populations. Ecological Entomology 18: 223-228.
RENSHAW M., SERVICE M. W. & BiRLEY M. H. 1994. Size variation and reproductive success in the mosquito Aedes cantans. Medical and Veterinary Entomology 8: 179-186.
RETTICH F. 1982. Mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae) of the Melnik area (Central Bohemia). Folia Facultatis Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Brunensis 23 (7): 111-116.
RETTICH F. 1998. Mosquito occurrence and control after catastrophic floods in the Czech Republic in the summer of 1997. Materiały XI Wrocławskiej Konferencji Parazytologicznej p.t. Integrowane metody zwalczania komarów na terenach popowodziowych. Wrocław 2 kwietnia 1998.
RETTICH, F., IMRICHOVA, K., ŠEBESTA, O. 2007. Seasonal comparisons of the mosquito fauna in the flood plains of Bohemia and Moravia, Czech Republic. European Mosquito Bulletin. 23: 10-16.
ROIZ D., ERITJA R., ESCOSA R., LUCIENTES J., MARQUES E., MELERO-ALCIBAR R., RUIZ S. & MOLINA R. 2007. A survey of mosquitoes breeding in used tires in Spain for the detection of imported potential vector species. Journal of Vector Ecology 32:10-15.
RYDZANICZ K. & Lonc E. 2003. Species composition and seasonal dynamics of mosquito larvae in theWroclaw, Poland area. Journal of Vector Ecology 28: 255-266.
SCHÄFER M. L. & LUNDSTRÖM J. O. 2006. Different responses of two floodwater mosquito species, Aedes vexans and Ochlerotatus sticticus (Diptera: Culicidae), to larval habitat drying. Journal of Vector Ecology 31: 123-128.
SCHAFFNER F. 1998. A revised checklist of the French Culicidae. European Mosquito Bulletin 2: 1-9.
SÉRANDOUR J. Reynaud S., Willison J., Patouraux J., Gaude T., Ravanel P., Lemperiere G. & Raveton M. 2008. Ubiquitous Water-Soluble Molecules in Aquatic Plant Exudates Determine Specific Insect Attraction. PLoS ONE 3(10): e3350. doi: 10.1371/joumal.pone.0003350
SERVICE M. W. 1968. Observations on feeding and oviposition in some British mosquitoes. Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata 11: 277-285.
SERVICE M. W. 1971a. Flight periodicities and vertical distribution of Aedes cantans (Mg.), Ae. geniculatus (Ol.), Anopheles plumbeus Steph. and Culex pipiens L. (Dipt. Culicidae) in southern England. Bulletin of Entomological Research 60: 639-651
SERVICE M. W. 1971b. Feeding behaviour and host preferences of British mosquitoes. Bulletin of Entomological Research 60: 653-661.
SERVICE M. W. 1977. Ecological and biological studies on Aedes cantans (Meig.) (Diptera: Culicidae) in Southern England. Journal of Applied Ecology 14: 159-196.
SHLENOVA M. F. & BEI-BlENKO I. G. 1962. The age composition of populations of mass species of mosquitoes of the genus Aedes (according to observations in Byelorussia). Voprosy Obshchei Zoologii i Medicheskoi Parazitologii. Moscow, pp. 589-605.
SKIERSKA B. 1960. Investigations on mosquito fauna in Białowieża forest. Acta parasitologica Polonica 8: 7-83. [In Polish with English abstract]
SKIERSKA B. 1963. Przegląd piśmiennictwa dotyczącego komarów (Culicidae) z obszarów Polski oraz rejestracja i rejonizacja tych owadów na terenie naszego kraju. Wiadomości Parazytologiczne 9: 579-597.
SKIERSKA B. 1965 Ecological studies of the occurrence and distribution of Culicinae fauna in the coastal forest belt. Ekologia Polska. Ser. A. 13: 527-573.
SKIERSKA B. 1971. Klucze do oznaczania owadów Polski. 28. Z. 9a. Komary-Culicidae. Larwy i poczwarki. PWN, Warszawa, 13 8 pp.
SKIERSKA B. 1974. Mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae) of the west part of the Wolin Island and south-east part of Uznam Island. Poznańskie Towarzystwo Przyjaciół Nauk. Wydział Matematyczno-Przyrodniczy. Prace Komisji Biologicznej. 36: 1-79. [In Polish with English summary]
SKIERSKA B. 1977. Klucze do oznaczania owadów Polski. 28, 9b. Komary - Culicidae. Postacie dojrzałe. PWN, Warszawa, 120 pp.
SKIERSKA B. & Lachmajer J. 1960. The fauna of Culicidae in the city of Gdańsk and its environs. Bulletin of the Institute of Maritine Medicine in Gdańsk 11: 157-163.
SNOW K. & Ramsdale C. 1999. Distrinution chart for European mosquitoes. European Mosquito Bulletin 3: 14-31.
SPIELMAN A. 1957. The inheritance of autogeny in the Culex pipiens complex of mosquitoes. American Journal of Hygiene 65: 404-425.
SPIELMAN A. & WONG J. 1973. Studies on autogeny in natural populations of Culex pipiens. III. Midsummer preparation for hibernation in anautogenous populations. Journal of Medical Entomology 10. 319-324.
STAGE H. H., Gjullin C. M. & Yates W. W. 1937. Flight range and longevity of flood-water mosquitoes in the lower Columbia River Valley. Journal of Economic Entomology 30: 940-945.
SUDARIĆ BOGOJEVIĆ M., JELIĆIĆ Ż. & MERDIĆ E. 2008. Seasonal population peaks observed in mosquitoes over a 10- year period (1995-2004) in Osijek, Croatia. The 16th European Society for Vector Ecology Conference 2008. Fitzwilliam College, Cambridge. Conference Programme & Abstract Book, p.65.
SZADZIEWSKA M. & OKRÓY-RYSOP G. 1988. Research on parasitic arthropods of the Lake Żarnowieckie environs carried out in 1981-1985. Part II. Mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae). Bulletin of the Institute of Matitime and Tropical Medicine 39: 215-226.
TAKKEN W., GEENE R., ADAM W., JETTEN T. H. & VAN DER VELDEN J. A. 2002. Distribution and Dynamics of Larval Populations of Anopheles messeae and A. atroparvus in the delta of the Rhine and Meuse, The Netherlands. A Journal of the Human Environment. 31: 212-218.
TARWID K. 1934. Resultats de l’enquete de M. le Dr. H. Raabe sur les moustiques domestiques in Pologne en 1924 et 1925. Fragmenta Faunistica 2, 19: 161-179. [In Polish with French summary]
TARWID K. 1952. [An attempt of characterization of mosquito communities of the Kampinos Forest.] Studia Societas Scientarum Toruń., Sectio E (Zool.) 3: 1-29. [In Polish]
TIAWSIRISUP S., KINLEY J. R., TUCKER B. J., EVANS R. B., ROWLEY W. A. & PLATT K. B. 2008. Vector competence of Aedes vexans (Diptera: Culicidae) for West Nile virus and potential as an enzootic vector. Journal of Medical Entomology 43: 452-457.
TRPIŠ M. & HORSFALL W. R. 1969. Development of Aedes sticticus (Meigen) in relation to temperature, diet, density and depth. Annales Zoologici Fennici 6: 156-160.
TURELL M. J., LUNDSTRÓM J. O. & Niklasson B. 1990. Transmission of Ockelbo virus by Aedes cinereus, Ae. communis, and Ae. excrucians (Diptera: Culicidae) collected in an enzootic area in central Sweden. Journal of Medical Entomology 27:266-268.
UDVARDY M. D. F. 1969. Dynamic Zoogeography. Van Nostrand Reinhold Company. New York. 445 pp.
VINOGRADOVA E. B. 1960. An experimental investigation of the ecological factors inducing imaginal diapause in bloodsucking mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae). Entomologicheskoe Obozrenie 39: 327-340. [In Russian with English summary]
VINOGRADOVA E. B. 1997. Komary kompleksa Culex pipiens v Rossii (taksonomija, rasprostranenie, ekologija, fiziologija, genetika, praktocheskoe znachenie i kontrol). Trudy ZIN RAN. Vol. 27E Sankt Peterburg, 307 pp.
VOLOZINAN. V. 196E The effect of feeding conditions and the physiological age of the females on egg maturation in Aedes mosquitoes of the communis group. In: KHELEVIN N. V. (ed.), Contributions to the knowledge of the Fauna and Flora of the Ivanovo Region, pp. 36-51. Ivanovo, USSR.. [In Russian]
WEGNER E. 1979. Changes in the structure of mosquito communities (Culicidae, Diptera) in Kampinos Forest for 40 years.Memorabilia Zoologica 30: 131-144.
WEGNER E. 1982. Mosquitoes (Diptera, Culicidae) of Warsaw and Mazovia. Memorabilia zoologica 36: 201-216.
WEGNER E. 1991. Mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae) of the Świętokrzyski National Park. Fragmenta Faunistica 35: 65-81.[In Polish with English abstract]
WEGNER E. 1999. Autumnal development of vernal mosquitoes in Kampinos Forest near Warsaw. European Mosquito Bulletin 5: 21-24.
WEGNER E. 2002. Preliminary study of mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae) of the Narew National Park. Fragmenta Faunistica45: 57-65.
WEGNER E. 2004. Estimation of a risk of West Nile fever outbreak in Poland. In: BUCZEK A. & BŁASZAK Cz. (eds) Stawonogi. Interakcje pasożyt - żywiciel, pp,265-272. Liber, Lublin, 272 pp.[In Polish, English abstract]
WEGNER E. 2007. Mosquitoes (Culicidae), In: BOGDANOWICZ W., CHUDZICKA E., PlLIPIUK I. & SKIBIŃSKA E. (eds), Fauna of Poland - characteristics and checklist of species. Vol. 2., pp. 37-39, 71-72. Muzeum i Instytut Zoologii PAN, Warszawa, XX + 506 pp.
WEGNER E. 2008. Mosquito fauna (Diptera: Culicidae) of five different towns in Poland with special reference to the occurrence of human disease vectors. Fragmenta Faunistica 51: 15-22.
WEGNER E. 2009. Mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae) of Iława Lakeland Landscape Park (Poland). Dipteron 25: 69-74.
WEGNER Z., Kubica-Biernat B., Stańczak J. & Racewicz M. 1993. Fauno-Ecological study on haematophagous dipterans in surroundings of Żarnowieckie Lake in the period 1988-1991. Biuletyn Metodyczno-Organizacyjny Instytutu Medycyny Morskiej i Tropikalnej 26: 55-72.
WESENBERG-LUND C. 1921. Contributions to the biology of the Danish Culicidae. Kongelige Danske Videnskabemes Selskab. Selsk. Skrifter, Naturvidensk. Mathem. Afd., 8. Raekke, 7, 1: 1-210.
WOINAROWICZ J. 1960. Culicinae larvae of small ponds. Polskie Archiwum Hydrobiologii 8: 183-22E

Relation:

Fragmenta Faunistica

Volume:

52

Issue:

2

Start page:

157

End page:

179

Detailed Resource Type:

Article : original article

Format:

application/pdf

Resource Identifier:

oai:rcin.org.pl:42045 ; doi:10.3161/00159301FF2009.52.2.157

Source:

MiIZ PAN, call no. patrz sygn. czas. P.256 vol. 52 no. 2 ; MiIZ PAN, call no. patrz sygn. czas. P.4664 vol. 52 no. 2 ; click here to follow the link

Language:

eng

Language of abstract:

eng ; pol

Rights:

Rights Reserved - Free Access

Terms of use:

Copyright-protected material. May be used within the limits of statutory user freedoms

Digitizing institution:

Museum and Institute of Zoology of the Polish Academy of Sciences

Original in:

Library of the Museum and Institute of Zoology of the Polish Academy of Sciences

Projects co-financed by:

Programme Innovative Economy, 2010-2014, Priority Axis 2. R&D infrastructure ; European Union. European Regional Development Fund

Access:

Open