Abassy, Małgorzata ; Kosowska, Katarzyna ; Krzywdzińska, Agata
Studia z Dziejów Rosji i Europy Środkowo-Wschodniej, Vol. 58, No 3 (2023), Special Issue
Institute of History of the Polish Academy of Sciences
Instytut Historii im. Tadeusza Manteuffla Polskiej Akademii Nauk
p. 135-161 ; Content outline also in Polish.
The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the specificity and economic, informational, and human potential of the Belarusian opposition as sufficient or insufficient to replace Lukashenko’s government. The complexity of the issue requires a multidisciplinary approach, which embraces knowledge of such areas as economy, media, international relations, social processes, and information management. The concept of homeostat was applied as a theoretical tool. It is treated as the module whose task is maintaining a functional balance of the system from the perspective of current processes.
Astapenia R., ‘What Belarusians think about their country’s crisis’, Chatham House (2020), (accessed: 10 March 2024).
‘Belarus revokes accreditations of journalists covering protests for foreign media’, Reuters (30 Aug. 2020), (accessed: 18 March 2024).
‘Belarus: Attacks on journalists mount amid protest crackdown’, Amnesty International (12 Aug. 2020), (accessed: 18 March 2024).
Brzeziecki A., Nocuń M., Łukaszenka. Niedoszły car Rosji (Wołowiec, 2021).
Budzisz M., ‘Białoruś chce ropy przez Polskę. Prorosyjski liberał rzuca wyzwanie Łukaszence’, Tysol.pl (19 May 2020), (accessed: 10 May 2021).
Budzisz M., Iluzja wolnej Białorusi. Jak walcząc o demokrację, można utracić ojczyznę (Warszawa, 2020).
Buzaglin A.V., Kolganov A.I., ‘The protests in Belarus: context, causes and lessons’, Critical Sociology, vol. 47 (2020)
Cannon W.B., ‘Physiological Regulation of Normal States: Some Tentative Postulates Concerning Biological Homeostatics’, in: A Charles Richet: ses amis, ses collègues, ses élèves, ed. A. Pettit (Paris, 1926).
Cannon W.B., The Wisdom of the Body (New York, 1932).
Challis B., Belarus Beyond 2020: Implications for Russia and the West, Building Better Security for Wider Europe Series (London, 2020), (accessed: 10 May 2021).
‘Chorny Busel’, (accessed: 10 May 2021).
Cooper S.J., ‘From Claude Bernard to Walter Cannon. Emergence of the concept of homeostasis’, Appetite, vol. 51 (2008), 419–27, (accessed: 10 May 2021)
Coordination Council, / (accessed: 16 March 2024).
Cywiński B., Szańce kultur. Szkice z dziejów narodów Europy Wschodniej (Warszawa, 2013).
Wschodniej (Warszawa, 2013). ‘Ekspert: Putin oczekuje od Łukaszenki oddania władzy’, Kresy24.pl (2 Nov. 2021), (accessed: 16 March 2024).
‘Exploring the concept of homeostasis and considering its implications for economics’, Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, vol. 126 (2016), 125–29
‘Fitch Ratings: Belarus – Rating Action Report’, (2020), (accessed: 10 May 2021).
‘Foreign investment’, National Statistical Committee of the Republic of Belarus, (2021), (accessed: 10 March 2024).
‘Gross average earnings in the Republic of Belarus’, National Statistical Committee of the Republic of Belarus, (2021), (accessed: 18 March 2024).
‘Human Development Reports’, United Nations Development Programme, (2020), (accessed: 18 May 2021).
Inhabitants of the ‘Change square’ informed about problems with the internet, (2020), (accessed: 18 May 2021).
‘International Committee for Investigations of Tortures in Belarus releases new report’ (2020), (accessed: 18 May 2021).
Ioffe G., ‘The complexities of measuring Belarusian public opinion’, Eurasia Daily Monitor, vol. 18, no. 22 (2021), (accessed: 18 May 2021).
‘Journal of W. Ross Ashby’, vol. 11, p. 2432, in: The Ross Ashby digital archive, (accessed: 10 May 2021).
Karbalewicz W., Kudela-Świątek W., ‘Cechy białoruskiego reżymu autorytarnego’, Politeja, vol. 22: Studia białoruskie (2012).
Kłysiński K. and Żochowski P., The End of the Myth of a Brotherly Belarus? Russian Soft Power in Belarus after 2014: The Background and Its Manifestations, OSW Studies Series, vol. 58 (Warszawa, 2016), (accessed: 10 Apr. 2021).
Kosiedowski W., Współczesna Białoruś. Społeczeństwo i gospodarka czasu przemian (Toruń, 2013).
Kossecki J., Cybernetyka kultury (Warszawa, 1974).
Koszty białoruskich protestów dla Łukaszenki, Ośrodek Studiów Przestrzeni Postsowieckiej, Analiza OSPP 61, Dec. 2020, (accessed: 14 April 2024).
Leukavets A., ‘Russia’s game in Belarus: 2020 presidential elections as a checkmate for Lukashenka?’, New Perspectives, vol. 29, no. 1 (2021), 90–101.
Manaev O., ‘Media in post-Soviet Belarus: between democratisation and reinforcing authoritarianism’, in: Mass Media in the Post-Soviet World, ed. P. Rollberg, M. Laruelle (Stuttgart, 2018).
Manaev O., ‘Public Opinion Polling in Authoritarian State: The Case of Belarus’, in: The Silent Majority in Authoritarian States. Opinion Poll Research in Eastern and South-Eastern Europe, ed. K. Bachmann, J. Gieseke (Frankfurt-am-Main, 2016).
Marin A., The Union State of Belarus and Russia. Myths and realities of political-military integration (Vilnius, 2020), (accessed: 10 Apr. 2021).
Mazur M., Cybernetyczna teoria systemów autonomicznych (Warszawa, 1966).
Mazur M., Cybernetyka i charakter (Warszawa, 1976).
McCarthy J., Titarenko L., McPhail C., Rafail P., and Augustyn B., ‘Assessing stability in the patterns of selection bias in newspaper coverage of protest during the transition from communism in Belarus’, Mobilization: An International Quarterly, vol. 13 (2008), 127–46, (accessed: 12 May 2021).
Minchenia A., ‘Belarusian professional protesters in the structure of democracy promotion: enacting politics, reinforcing divisions’, Conflict and Society, vol. 6, no. 1 (2020), 218–35, (accessed: 12 May 2021).
‘Opposition’s Coordinating Council described as attempt to seize power in Belarus’, Belarus. by – Official Website of the Republic of Belarus (18 Aug. 2020), (accessed: 18 March 2024).
‘Public debt of the Republic of Belarus’, Ministry of Finance of the Republic of Belarus, n.d., (accessed: 10 May 2021).
Racz A., Gherasimov C. and Nić M., ‘Four Scenarios for the Crisis in Belarus’, DGAP. Policy Brief, vol. 16 (2020), (accessed: 10 May 2021).
‘Resolution of the Coordination Council’, (accessed: 18 March 2024).
Rudkouski P., Korszunau H., ‘Rosja jest przyjaciółką, lecz większą przyjaciółką jest demokracja’, (accessed: 14 April 2024).
Savory R.M., ‘The principle of homeostasis considered in relation to political events in Iran in the 1960s’, International Journal of Middle East Studies, vol. 3 (1972).
‘State Customs Authorities of the Republic of Belarus’, (2020), (accessed: 10 May 2021).
Telegram-канал Nexta стал в Белоруссии экстремистским формированием’, RBC (29 Oct. 2021), (accessed: 16 March 2024).
‘The EFSD Council approves a US $500 million financial credit for Belarus’, Eurasian Development Bank (2020), (accessed: 10 May 2021).
‘Trading Economics – Belarus’, n.d. (2021)., (accessed: 10 May 2021).
Usov P., Szanse na transformację polityczną i skuteczną demokratyzację Białorusi [ANALIZA]’, Kultura liberalna, vol. 47 (2021), (accessed: 16 March 2024).
Van Herpen M.H., Putin’s Wars. The Rise of Russia’s New Imperialism (Lanham, 2014).
Wóycicki K., W pogoni za wolnością. Białoruska rewolucja (Warszawa, 2020).
Xynou M., Filastò A., Belarus protests: From internet outages to pervasive website censorship, (accessed: 14 April 2024).
‘23.34 Мы всё записываем’, 23-34.net, (accessed: 18 May 2021).
‘Белорусская цензура вырезала из российских “Вестей” сюжет о низком рейтинге Лукашенко’, NEWSru.com (15 Nov. 2010), (accessed: 16 March 2024).
‘Власти Беларуси объявили канал Nexta “экстремистским”’, Радио Свобода (20 Oct. 2020), (accessed: 16 March 2024).
‘Инфографика дня: беларусская интернет аудитория в первом полугодии’, 2020, Information Policy, Resources Page (2021), (accessed: 18 May 2021).
‘История “Нашей Нивы” c 1906 года до наших дней’, Наша Ніва (18 Aug. 2017), (accessed: 18 March 2024).
Карта інформірованія, Resources Page, n.d., (accessed: 18 May 2020).
‘Меморандум о создании Коалиции’, Telegram (13 July 2021), (accessed: 16 July 2022).
Национальная стратегия устойчивого социально? Экономического развития Республики Беларусь на период до 2020 г. (Минск, 2004), p. 14, (accessed: 10 May 2021).
‘Ну что, вот и приплывают последствия наезда на IT’, Кладовая любителя статистики (2 Nov. 2020), (accessed: 10 May 2021).
‘О временных мерах по стабилизации цен на социально значимые товары первой необходимости’, Pravo.by (2021), (accessed: 18 March 2024).
‘Опрос. Изучение ценностей белорусского общества’, Кастрычніцкі эканамічны форум (KEF), (accessed: 10 May 2021).
‘Откройте, вам Telegram! Теперь в Беларуси за подписку на независимые телеграм-каналы можно получить до семи лет тюрьмы’, Новая газета (28 Oct. 2021), (accessed: 16 March 2024).
Пастухов В., ‘Объединение, поглощение, заглот — эволюция идеи Союзного государства’ (2020), (accessed: 10 March 2024).
‘Правительство России одобрило проект соглашения о предоставлении Беларуси кредита’, Belrynok (21 Dec. 2020), (accessed: 10 March 2024).
‘Резервы ужесточения трудовых отношений государством фактически исчерпаны’, Belarus in Focus (10–16 Feb. 2014), (accessed: 18 March 2024).
‘Телеграм-канал Тихановского признан в Белоруссии экстремистским’, Интерфакс (16 July 2021), (accessed: 16 March 2024).
‘ТОП-20 Telegram-каналов о Беларуси’, (2020), (accessed: 10 March 2024).
‘Усиленный режим сошел с ума’, Новая газета (14 Dec. 2021), (accessed: 16 March 2024).
‘Цепкало пожаловался, что его не пригласили в координационный совет Белоруссии’, MKRU (19 Aug. 2020), (accessed: 18 March 2024).
Шелест О., ‘“Голос улиц”: социология белорусского протеста’, RFI (2020), (accessed: 10 March 2024).
‘Што трэба ведаць пра суполкі “Буслы ляцяць” і “ДНС”, якія ўлады прызналі экстрэмісцкімі фармаваннямі’, BelSat (21 Oct. 2021), (accessed: 16 March 2024).
‘Эксперты рассказали как Telegram обходит блокировки в Белоруссии’, РИА Новости (11 Apr. 2020), (accessed: 16 March 2024).
Studia z Dziejów Rosji i Europy Środkowo-Wschodniej
oai:rcin.org.pl:241221 ; 1230-5057 ; 2353-6403 ; 10.12775/SDR.2023.EN7.06
IH PAN, sygn. A.453/58/3 Podr. ; kliknij tutaj, żeby przejść
Creative Commons Attribution BY-ND 4.0 license
Copyright-protected material. [CC BY-ND 4.0] May be used within the scope specified in Creative Commons Attribution BY-ND 4.0 license, full text available at: ; -
Institute of History of the Polish Academy of Sciences
Library of the Institute of History PAS
23 maj 2024
21 maj 2024
18
https://rcin.org.pl/ihpan/publication/277605
Nazwa wydania | Data |
---|---|
Abassy, Małgorzata; Kosowska, Katarzyna; Krzywdzińska, Agata, A smart shift in Belarus: Tikhanovskaya instead of Lukashenko? | 23 maj 2024 |
Mironowicz, Eugeniusz (1955– )
Morawiec, Norbert
Mironowicz, Eugeniusz (1955– )
Mironowicz, Eugeniusz (1955– )
Wciślik, Piotr
Habielski, Rafał (1957– )
Krasucki, Eryk (1977– )