Teoria ewolucji Darwina jest teorią ekologiczną

Petrusewicz, Kazimierz

doi:ISSN 0424-7205

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Title: Teoria ewolucji Darwina jest teorią ekologiczną

Abstract:

Darwin’s evolution theory is compared by the author with this part of Lamarck’s theory from which it took its origin later on the mechanolamarckism. The author tries to prove that irrespectively of the fact whether the acquired properties are inheritable or not, the Lamarckian theory can throw no light at all on the reasons of evolution process. Namely theory of Lamarck is based exlucively on individual processes: modifications under influence of environment and heredity of acquired characters. Evolution process is an ecological one. Populations are subject to evolution and are liable to the laws and regularities arising from mass processes in dependency on the environment and on other organisms. These are laws and regularities resulting form the probability of occurring such and no other events i.e. the laws of eco1ogy of the group. The ecological laws are the laws of mass accidents and not of the individual cases of particular creatures. It is only the Darwinian evolution theory which basing on the natural selectlon i.e.on interaction of individual genotypic variation and heredity processes with process of struggle for existence is an ecological theory and is able to explain satisfactorily the causes of the evolution process. Geneticists at beginnings of XX century dealing with regularities of inheritance by individuails worked on another level than evolutionists. Common ideas were established only by the population genetics studying the mass processes occurring in population and not only the individual cases. So as no one would try to explain by means of physiological or psychological laws the progress of mankind, so there are useless all endeavours to solve the problem of evolution of organic world basing either on physiologilcal processes only or on regularities of individual genectics.