Search for: [Abstract = "The article attempts to outline the main problems of medical care and health consciousness of the inhabitants of the countryside in post\-war Poland \(till 1960\). When analysing the state system of health care reconstructed after the war on the local level and its main difficulties, I point out sanitary conditions and the most important epidemic threats of the first fifteen years after the war. Realising main postulations of the history of health and illness \(called also social history of medicine\) developed on the basis of the Western European humanities, the author attempts to answer the question about the place of health problems of rural population within the national health policy and how the postulated changes were implemented. On the basis of narrative sources and archival material, the article presents predominant health behaviours of the post\-war country inhabitants, emphasising the clearly visible in the analysed time friction between practices and customs of folk medicine and academic medicine increasingly present in the country \(through such institutions as health centres, consulting rooms, nursing stations, dispensaries, delivery rooms, visiting dental ambulances\). The article, apart from describing the living conditions and state of health of rural population, analyses their everyday relations with representatives of the health care system as well as their attitudes towards the most frequent diseases and health risks in the analysed period."]

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