The influence of acid rain on soil Nematode communities
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Ekologii
Oficyna Wydawnicza Instytutu Ekologii PAN
Pages 73-110 : illustrations ; 24 cm ; Bibliographical references (pages 104-110) ; Abstract in Polish
Taxonomic and trophic structure were described – along with indices of diversity and maturity – for nematode communities at six sites influenced by acid rain in the chain of the Karkonosze Mountains and at Hala Izerska (both in south-west Poland). The sites in question were spruce (Picea abies) forest with clear or else relatively limited signs of degradation, with the intensity of this phenomenon being determined in relation to the incidence of treefall, young spruce stands, and grass-herb communities. lntensified degradation was found to reduce the diversity and maturity of nematode communities and to increase the numerical representation of fungivorous species. Dry conditions intensified these changes. The nematode communities of the aforementioned mountainous areas contaminated by acid rain were then compared with those studied by author about 20 years previously in other parts of Poland and considered uncontaminated. Communities from the contaminated areas were not found to have lower total numbers of nematodes, but did differ in the higher representation of fungivores and obligate plant parasites as well as in the absence of predators. A shift in the direction of feeding on fungi was noted among species feeding on reducers. Aspects unique to these communities which were noted on the scale of trophic differentiation were the loss of characteristic K-strategists (specially predators), and also loss of bacterivorous r-strategists in favour of more K-strategic bacterivores.
1. Andrzejewska L. 1994 - Zespoły zwierząt bezkręgowych gleby i warstwy zielncj w kilku degradowanych środowiskach Karkonoszy [Invertebrate fauna from the soils and herb layers of several degraded environments in the Karkonosze] (In: Karkonoskie badania ekologiczne, II Konferencja Dziekanów Leśny, 17-19 stycznia 1994 [Karkonosze ecological research, II Conference Dziekanów Leśny, January 17-19, 1994], Ed. Z. Fischer) - Oficyna Wydawnicza Inst. Ekol. PAN, Dziekanów Leśny, 251-267.
2. Andrzejewski R., Baranowski M. (Eds.) 1993 - Stan środowiska w Polsce [The state of the environment in Poland] -Centrum Informacji o Środowisku GRID-Warszawa [Environmental Information Centre of GRID-Warsaw] - 105 pp.
3. Arpin P., Ponge J. F. 1986 - Influence d'une implantation recente de pin sylvestre sur le comportement de la nematofaune du sol, par comparison avec un peuplement femillu pur et un peuplement melange - Pedobiologia, 29: 391-404.
4. Arpin P., Ponge J. F., Dabin B., Mori A. 1984 - Utilisation des nematodes; Mononchida et des Collemboles pour caracteriser des phenomenes pedobiologiques - Rev. Ecol. Biol. Sol. 21: 243-268.
5. Baath E., Berg B., Lohm U., Lundgren B., Lundkwist H., Rosswall T., Soderstrom B., Wiren A. 1980 - Effects of experimental acidification and liming on soil organisms and decomposition in a Scots pine forest - Pedobiologia, 20: 85-100.
6. Baath E., Lohm U., Lundgren B., Rosswall T., Soderstrom B., Sohlenius B. 1981 - Impact of microbial-feeding animals on total soil activity and nitrogen dynamics: A soil microcosm experiment - Oikos, 37: 257-264.
7. Baath E., Lundgren B., Soderstrm B. 1984 - Fungal populations in podzolic soil experimentally acidified to simulate acid rain - Microb Ecol 10: 197-203.
8. Bongers T. 1990 - The maturity index: an ecological measure of environmental disturbance based on nematode species composition - Oecologia, 83: 14-19.
9. Bouwman L. A., Zwart K. B. 1994 - The ecology of bacterivorous protozoans and nematodes in arable soil - Agric. Ecosystems Environ., 51: 145-160.
10. Buttner V. 1989 - Untersuchungen zur Okologie der Nematoden eines Kalkbuchenwaldes - Nematologica, 35: 234-247.
11. Chmielewski K. 1994 - Aktywność ureazy i dehydrogenazy w wybranych środowiskach Karkonoszy [Urease and dehydrogenase activity in selected environments of the Karkonosze] (In: Karkonoskie badania ekologiczne, II Konferencja Dziekanów Leśny, 17-19 stycznia 1994 [Karkonosze ecological research, II Conference, Dziekanów Leśny, January 17-19, 1994], Ed. Z. Fischer) - Oficyna Wydawnicza Inst. Ekol. PAN, Dziekanów Leśny, 243-246.
12. Coleman D. C. 1983 - The impacts of add deposition on biota, soil and C cycling - Environmental and Experimental Botany, 23: 225-233.
13. Coleman D. C., Reid C. P. P., Cole C. V. 1983 - Biological strategies of nutrient cycling in soil systems (In: Advances in ecological research, Eds. A. Macfadyen, E. D. Ford) - Academic Press, New York, 13: 1-55.
14. Colinvaux P.A. 1986 - Ecology - John Wiley and Sons, New York, 725 pp.
15. Czerwiński Z., Tatur A. 1974 - Analysis of a sheep pasture ecosystem in the Pieniny Mountains (The Carpathians). VI. The effect of penning up sheep on some chemical properties of soil - Ekol. pol. 22: 535-546.
16. Dmowska E. 1993 - Effects of long-term artificial acid rain on species range and diversity of soil nematodes - Eur. J. Soil Biol. 29: 97-107.
17. Domurat K., Kozłowska J., Mianowska E. 1975 - Wpływ kilku synuzjów boru mieszanego na kształtowanie się zespołów nicieni glebowych [The influence of several synusiae of mixed coniferous forest on the formation of soil nematode communities] - Prace Komisji Naukowych Pol. Tow. Glebozn.III/16: 65-75.
18. Ettema C. H., Bongers T. 1993 - Characterization of nematode colonization and succession in disturbed soil using the Maturity Index - Biol. Fertil. Soils, 16: 79 85.
19. Faber J. H. 1991 - Functional classification of soil fauna: a new approach - Oikos, 62: 110-117.
20. Fabiszewski J., Wojtuń B., Żołnierz L., Matuła J., Sobierajski Z. 1993 - Zmiany ilościowe runa sudeckiego boru górnoreglowego w drzewostanach o różnym stopniu degradacji [Quantitative changes in the understorey of Sudetic upper montane forests in tree stands degraded to differing extends] (In: Karkonoskie badania ekologiczne, I Konferencja Wojnowice, 3 4 grudnia 1992 [Karkonosze ecological research, I Conference Wojnowice, December 3 4, 1992], Ed. Z. Fischer) - Oficyna Wydawnicza Inst. Ekol. PAN, Dziekanów Leśny, 77-85.
21. Ferris V. R., Ferris J. M. 1984/1985 - Biogeography of soil nematodes - Agric. Ecosystems Environ. 12: 301-315.
22. Fitter A. H., Garbaye J. 1994 - Interactions between mycorrhizal fungi and other soil organisms - Plant and Soil, 159: 123-132.
23. Freckman D. W. 1988 - Bacterivorous nematodes and organic matter decomposition - Agric. Ecosystems Environ. 24: 195-217.
24. Freckman D. W., Caswell E. P. 1985 - The ecology of nematodes in agroecosystems - Ann. Rev. Phytopathol. 23: 275-296.
25. Freckman D. W., Ettema C. H. 1993 - Assessing nematode communities in agroecosystems of varying human intervention - Agric. Ecosystems Environ. 45: 239-261.
26. Goede de R. G. M., Bongers T. 1994 - Nematode community structure in relation to soil and vegetation characteristics - Appl. Soil Ecology, 1: 29 44.
27. Goede de R. G. M., Dekker H. H. 1993 - Effects of liming and fertilization on nematode communities in coniferous forest soils - Pedobiologia, 37: 193-209.
28. Goede de R. G. M., Georgieva S.S., Verschoor B. C., Kamerman J. W. 1993 - Changes in nematode community structure in a primary succession of blown-out areas in a drift sand landscape - Fundamental Appl. Nematol. 16: 501-513.
29. Griffiths B. S. 1994 - Microbial-feeding nematodes and protozoa in soil: Their effects on microbial activity and nitrogen mineralization in decomposition hotspots and the rhizosphere - Plant and Soil, 164: 25-33.
30. Griffiths B. S., Caul S. 1993 - Migration of bacterial-feeding nematodes, but not protozoa, to decomposing grass residues - Biol. Fertil. Soil, 15: 201-207.
31. Griffiths B. S., Welschen R., van Arendonk J. J. C. M., Lambers H. 1992 - The effect of nitrate supply on bacteria and bacterial-feeding fauna in the rhizosphere of different grass species - Oecologia, 91: 253-259.
32. Hagvar S. 1994 - Soil biology: Decomposition and soil activity (In: Long-term experiments with acid rain in Norvegian forest ecosystems, Eds. G. Abrahamsen, A. D. Stuanes, B. Tveite) - 136-139.
33. Hanel L. 1993a - Diversity of soil nematodes (Nematoda) in various types of ecosystems - Ekológia (Bratislava), 12: 259-272.
34. Hanel L. 1993b - Podni hlistice (Nematoda) ve smrkovych lesich krusnych hor poskozenych imisemi [Soil nematodes (Nematoda) in Norway spruce forests of the Krusne hory Mts. injured by immissions] - Lesnictvi - Forestry, 39: 365-369.
35. Hanel L. 1995 - Secondary successional stages of soil nematodes in Cambisols of south Bohemia - Nematologica, 41: 197-218.
36. Hobbie S. E., Jensen D. B., Chapin III F. S. 1993 - Resource supply and disturbance as controls over present and future plant diversity (In: Biodiversity and ecosystem function, Eds. E. D. Schulze, H. A. Mooney) - Springer-Verlag, Berlin, Heidelberg, New York, 385-408.
37. Howarth R. W. 1991 - Comparative responses of aquatic ecosystems to toxic chemical stress (In: Comparative analyses of ecosystems patterns, mechanisms and theories, Eds. J. Cole, G. Lovett, S. Findlay) - Springer-Verlag, New York, London, 169-195.
38. Hyvonen R., Persson T. 1990 - Effects of acidification and liming on feeding groups of nematodes in coniferous forest soils - Biol Fertil Soils, 9: 205-210.
39. Ingham R. E., Trofymow J. A., Ingham E. R., Coleman D. C. 1985 - Interaction of bacteria, fungi and their nematode grazers: effects on nutrient cycling and plant growth - Ecol. Monogr. 55: 119-140.
40. Jankowski W. 1991 - Charakterystyka fitosocjologiczna i glebowa łątk i pastwisk Suwalskiego Parku Krajobrazowego [Phytosociological and soil characteristics of meadows and pastures in Suwatki Landscape Park] (In: Różnorodność roślinności i jej konsekwencje dla ekosystemu łąkowego. I. Różnowiekowe lątki Suwalszczyzny [Plant diversity and its consequences for a meadow ecosystem. I. Different-aged meadows in the Suwałki region], Eds. A. Kajak, L. Wasilewska) - SGGW-AR, Warszawa, 11-37.
41. Juda-Rezler K., Abert K. 1994 -Rozkład stężeń i strumień zanieczyszczeń powietrza w Karkonoszach na podstawie modelowych badań symulacyjnych [The distribution of concentrations and streams of air pollution in the Karkonosze Mountains on the basis of simulations] (In: Karkonoskie Badania ekologiczne, II Konferencja Dziekanów Leśny, 17-19 stycznia 1994 [Karkonosze ecological research, II Conference Dziekanów Leśny, January 17-19, 1994], Ed. Z. Fischer) - Oficyna Wydawnicza Inst. Ekol. PAN, 29-62.
42. Kidawa A. 1994 - Wskaźnikowa ocena tempa wydzielania dwutlenku węgla przez gleby karkonoskie [An index-based assessment of the rate of release of carbon dioxide by Karkonosze soils] (In: Karkonoskie badania ekologiczne, II Konferencja Dziekanów Leśny, 17-19 stycznia 1994 [Karkonosze ecological research, II Conference Dziekanów Leśny, January 17-19, 1994], Ed. Z. Fischer) - Oficyna Wydawnicza Inst. Ekol. PAN, Dziekanów Leśny, 247-249.
43. Kmieć G., Kacperczyk K., Zwoździak J ., Zwoździak A. 1994 - Ocena stężenia i rodzaju zanieczyszczeń w opadach atmosferycznych w rejonie Karkonoszy [An assessment of the concentrations and types of pollutants in atmospheric precipitation in the Karkonosze region] (In: Karkonoskie badania ekologiczne, II Konferencja Dziekanów Leśny, 17-19 stycznia 1994 [Karknosze ecological research, II Conference Dziekanów Leśny, January 17-19, 1994], Ed. Z. Fischer) - Oficyna Wydawnicza Inst. Ekol. PAN, Dziekanów Leśny, 77-96.
44. Myrold D. D. 1990 - Effects of acid deposition on soil organisms (In: Mechanisms of forest response to acid deposition, Eds. A. A. Lucier, S. G. Hainess) - New York, Springer Verlag, 163-187.
45. Neher D. A., Campbell C. L. 1994 - Nematode communities and microbial biomass in soils with annual and perennial crops - Applied Soil Ecology, 1: 17-28.
46. O' Neill E. G. 1994 - Responses of soil biota to elevated atmospheric carbon dioxide - Plant and Soil, 165: 55-65.
47. Odum E. P. 1985 - Trends expected in stressed ecosystems - Bioscience, 35: 419-422.
48. Odum E. P., Biever L. J. 1984 - Resource quality, mutualism and energy partitioning in food chains - Am. Nat. 124: 360-376.
49. Persson T. 1988 - Effects of acidification and liming on soil biology (In: Liming as a measure to improve soil and tree condition in areas affected by air pollution. Results and experiences of an ongoing research programme, Eds. F. Andersson, T. Persson) - National Swedish Environmental Report, 3518: 53-70.
50. Persson T., Lundkvist H., Wiren A., Hyvonen R., Wessen B. 1989 - Effects of acidification and liming on carbon and nitrogen mineralization and soil organisms in mor humus - Water, Air and Soil Pollution, 45: 77-96.
51. Pianka E. R. 1970 - On r- and K-selection - Amer. Nat. 104: 592-597.
52. Pietr S. J., Stankiewicz M., Lubczyńska J., Węgrzyn T. 1993 - Aktywność mikroflory wybranych ekosystemów Karkonoszy [The microtloral activity of selected Karkonosze ecosystems] (In: Karkonoskie Badania Ekologiczne, I Konferencja Wojnowice, 3-4 grudnia 1992 [Karkonosze Ecological Research, I Conference Wojnowice, December 3-4, 1992], Ed. Z. Fischer) - Oficyna Wydawnicza Inst. Ekol. PAN, Dziekanów Leśny, 103-107.
53. Popovici J. 1992 - Nematoda as indicators of ecosystem disturbance due to pollution - Studia Univ. Babes - Bolyai, Biologia, 37: 15-27.
54. Rapport D. J., Regier H. A., Hutchinson T. C. 1985 - Ecosystem behaviour under stress - Amer. Nat. 125: 617-640.
55. Ruess L. 1995 - Nematode fauna in spruce forest soils: a qualitative/quantitative comparison - Nematologica, 41: 106-124.
56. Ruess L., Funke W. 1992 - Effects of experimental acidification on nematode population in soil cultures - Pedobiologia, 36: 231-239.
57. Ruess L., Funke W., Breunig A. 1993 - Influence of experimental acidification on nematodes, bacteria and fungi: soil microcosms and field experiments - Zool. Jb. Syst. 120: 189-199.
58. Rykowski K. 1993 - Lasy [Forests] (In: Stan środowiska w Polsce [The state of the environment in Poland], Eds. R. Andrzejewski, M. Baranowski) - Centrum Informacji o Środowisku GRID-Warszawa [Environmental Centre of GRID-Warsaw] - 44-52.
59. Ryszkowski L. 1987 - Influence of heterotrophs on decomposition and leaching of soil organic matter - INTECOL Bulletin, 15: 65-73.
60. Ryszkowski L., Batazy S. 1993 - Środowisko rolnicze [The agricultural environment] (In: Stan środowiska w Polsce [The state of environment in Poland], Eds. R. Andrzejewski, M. Baranowski) - Centrum Informacji o Środowisku GRID-Warszawa [Environmental Centre of GRID-Warsaw] - 53-57.
61. Sachanbiński M. 1994 - Geochemiczna charakterystyka krajobrazów rejonu Jakuszyc (Karkonosze) [Geochemical characteristics of the landscapes of the Jakuszyce region (Karkonosze)] (In: Karkonoskie badania ekologiczne, II Konferencja Dziekanów Leśny, 17-19 stycznia 1994 [Karkonosze ecological research, II Conference Dziekanów Leśny, January 17-19, 1994], Ed. Z. Fischer) - Oficyna Wydawnicza Inst. Ekol. PAN, Dziekanów Leśny, 9-27.
62. Samoiloff M. R. 1987 - Nematodes as indicators of toxic environmental contaminants (In: Vistas of Nematology, Eds. J. A. Veech, D. W. Dickson) - E. O. Painter, De Leon Springs, FL, 433-439.
63. Sandner H., Wasilewska L. 1970 - The role of the habitat in forming communities of soil nematodes - Zesz. probl. Post. Nauk roln. 92: 391-408.
64. Skiba S., Drewnik M., Szmuc R. 1994 - Metale ciężkie w glebach wybranych rejonów Karkonoszy (Heavy metals in the soils of selected regions of the Karkonosze] (In: Karkonoskie badania ekologiczne, II Konferencja Dziekanów Leśny, 17-19 stycznia 1994 [Karkonosze ecological research, II Conference Dziekanów Leśny, January 17-19, 1994], Ed. Z. Fischer) - Oficyna Wydawnicza Inst. Ekol. PAN, Dziekanów Leśny, 125-134.
65. Sohlenius B., Bostrom S., Sandor A. 1987 - Long-term dynamics of nematode communities in arable soil under four cropping systems - Journal of Applied Ecology, 24: 131-144.
66. Sohlenius B., Wasilewska L. 1984 - Influence of irrigation and fertilization on the nematode community in a Swedish pine forest soil - Journal of Applied Ecology, 21: 327-342.
67. Stachurski A., Zimka J., Kwiecień M., Wald M. 1993 - Niektóre aspekty krążenia pierwiastków w ekosystemach leśnych na terenie Karkonoszy [Some aspects of the cycling of elements in forest ecosystems of the Karkonosze] (In: Karkonoskie badania ekologiczne, I Konferencja Wojnowice, 3-4 grudnia 1992 [Karkonosze ecological research, I Conference Wojnowice, December 3 4, 1992], Ed. Z. Fischer) - Oficyna Wydawnicza Inst. Ekol. PAN, Dziekanów Leśny, 115-122.
68. Sutherland J. R., Fortin J. A. 1968 - Effect of the nematode Aphelenchus avenae on some ectotrophic, mycorrhizal fungi and on a red pine mycorrhizal relationship - Phytopathology, 58: 519-523.
69. Sztrantowicz H. 1994 - Formowanie się zespołów mikroorganizmów glebowych w środowiskach różnie odkształconych ekosystemów leśnych Karkonoszy [The formation of assemblages of soil microorganisms in the environments of variously-degraded forest ecosystems of the Karkonosze] (In: Karkonoskie badania ekologiczne, II Konferencja Dziekanów Leśny, 17-19 stycznia 1994 [Karkonosze ecological research, II Conference Dziekanów Leśny, January 17-19, 1994], Ed. Z. Fischer) - Oficyna Wydawnicza Inst. Ekol. PAN, Dziekanów Leśny, 321-325.
70. Traczyk T., Czerwiński Z., Kotowska J. 1976 – Environmental and phytosociological characteristics of the "Bródno" experimental meadows – Pol. ecol. Stud. 2: 15-28.
71. Walker G. E. 1984 - Ecology of the mycophagous nematode Aphelenchus avenae in wheat-field and pine-forest soils - Plant and Soil, 78: 417-428.
72. Wardle D. A., Yeates G. W. 1993 - The dual importance of competition and predation as regulatory forces in terrestrial ecosystems: evidens from decomposer food-webs - Oecologia, 93: 303-306.
73. Wasilewska L. 1970 - Nematodes of the sand dunes in the Kampinos Forest. I. Species structure - Ekol. pol. 18: 429 443.
74. Wasilewska L. 1971a - Klasyfikacja troficzna nicieni glebowych i roślinnych [A trophic classification of soil and plant nematodes] - Wiad. ekol. 17: 379-388.
75. Wasilewska L. 1971b - Nematodes of the dunes in the Kampinos Forest. II. Community structure based on numbers of individuals, state of biomass and respiratory metabolisms - Ekol. pol. 19: 651-688.
76. Wasilewska L. 1971c - Nicienie młodnika sosnowego w Nadleśnictwie Laski, Puszcza Kampinoska [Nematodes in a young pine plantation in the Laski Forest Administration District of the Kampinos Forest] - Zesz. probl. Post. Nauk roln. 121: 159-167.
77. Wasilewska L. 1974a - Analysis of a sheep pasture ecosystem in the Pieniny mountains (The Carpathians). XIII. Quantitative distribution, respiratory metabolisms and some suggestion on production of nematodes - Ekol. pol. 22: 651-668.
78. Wasilewska L. 1974b. - Rola wskaźnikowa wszystkożernej grupy nicieni glebowych [The role of the omnivorous group of soil nematodes as eoological indicators] - Wiad. ekol. 20: 385-390.
79. Wasilewska L. 1976 - The role of nematodes in the ecosystem of meadow in Warsaw environs - Pol. ecol. Stud. 2: 137-156.
80. Wasilewska L. 1979 - The structure and function of soil nematode oommunities in natural ecosystems and agrocenoses - Pol. ecol. Stud. 5: 97-145.
81. Wasilewska L. 1985 - Nicienie pantofagi i drapieżce a stabilność biocenozy [Pantophagous and predatory nematodes versus the biocenose stability] - Pr. Korn. Nauk., Pol. Tow. Glebozn., Warszawa, 90: 124-132.
82. Wasilewska L. 1986 - The function of soil nematodes in agroecosystems and examples of impact of man on them (In: Impact de la structure des paysages agricoles sur la protection des cultures, Eds. J. Missonnier, L. Ryszkowski) - INRA, Paris, 155-164.
83. Wasilewska L. 1989 - Impact of human activities on nematode communities in terrestrial ecosystems (In: Ecology of arable land, Perspectives and challenges, Eds. M. Clarholm and L. Bergstrom, Kluver Acad. Press, 123-132.
84. Wasilewska L. 1991a - Communities of soil nematodes of drained fen differentiated by peat origin - Pol. ekol. Stud. 17: 155-178.
85. Wasilewska L. 1991b - Long-term changes in communities of soil nematodes on fen peat meadows due to the time since their drainage - Ekol. pol. 39: 59-104.
86. Wasilewska L. 1992 - Participation of soil nematodes in grass litter decomposition under diverse biocenotic conditions of meadows - Ekol. pol. 40: 75-100.
87. Wasilewska L. 1994a - Changes in biotic indices in meadow eoosystems after drainage of fens (In: Conservation and management of fens, Eds. H. Jankowska-Hutlejt, E. Golubiewska) - Warsaw-Biebrza, Poland, Inst. for Land Reclamation and Grassland Farming in Falenty, 407-416.
88. Wasilewska L. 1994b - The effect of age of meadows on succession and diversity in soil nematode communities - Pedobiologia, 38: 1-11.
89. Wasilewska L. 1995a - Differences in development of soil nematode communities in singleand multispecies grass experimental treatments - Appl. Soil Ecol. 2: 53-64.
90. Wasilewska L. 1995b - Directions of changes in oommunites of soil nematodes in mandisturbed ecosystems - Acta Zool. Fennica, 196: 271-274.
91. Wasilewska L., Jakubczyk H., Paplińska E. 1975 - Production of Aphelenchus avenae Bastian (Nematoda) and reduction of mycelium of saprophytic fungi by them - Pol. ekol. Stud. 1: 61-73.
92. Winkler H. E., Hetrick B. A. D., Todd T. C. 1994 - Interactions of Heterodera glycines, Macrophomina phaseolina, and mycorrhizal fungi on soybean in Kansas - Suplement to Journal of Nematology, 26: 675-682.
93. Wolters V., Schaefer M. 1994 - Effects of add deposition on soil organisms and decomposition processes (In: Effects of add rain on forest processes, Eds. D. L. Godbold, A. Hutterman) - Wiley-Liss, Inc. 83-127.
94. Wright D. H., Coleman D. C. 1993 - Patterns of survival and extinction of nematodes in isolated soil - Oikos, 67: 563-572.
95. Yeates G. W. 1979 - Soil nematodes in terrestrial eoosystems - Journal of Nematology, 11: 213-229.
96. Yeates G. W. 1994 - Modification and qualification of the nematode maturity index - Pedobiologia, 38: 97-101.
97. Yeates G. W., Bongers T., de Goede R. G. M., Freckman D. W., Georgieva S.S. 1993 - Feeding habits in soil nematode families and genera - An outline for soil ecologists - Journal of Nematology, 25: 315-331.
98. Yeates G. W., Bird A. F. 1994 - Some observations on the intluence of agricultural practices on the nematode faunae of some South Australian soils - Fundam. appl. Nematol., 17: 133-145.
99. Zwoździak J., Zwoździak A., Kmieć G., Kacperczyk K. 1994 - Analiza stężeń ozonu i składu frakcyjnego aerozolu atmosferycznego w Sudetach Zachodnich [The analysis of concentrations of ozone and the fractional composition of atmospheric aerosols in the Western Sudetic Mountains] (In: Karkonoskie badania ekologiczne, II Konferencja Dziekanów Leśny, 17-19 stycznia 1994 [Karkonsze Ecological Research, II Conference Dziekanów Leśny, January 17-19, 1994], Ed. Z. Fischer) - Oficyna Wydawnicza Inst. Ekol. PAN, Dziekanów Leśny, 63-76.
100. Zwoździak J., Kmieć G., Zwoździak A., Kacperczyk K. 1995 - Presja zanieczyszczeń przemysłowych w ostatnim wieloleciu a stan obecny [The pressure of industrial pollution in the last many years as against the present situation] (In: Problemy ekologiczne wysokogórskiej części Karkonszy [Ecological problems in high level part of the Karkonosze], Ed. Z. Fisher) – Oficyna Wydawnicza Inst. Ekol. PAN, Dziekanów Leśny, 79-96.
oai:rcin.org.pl:86877 ; ISSN 0420-9036
MiIZ PAN, call no. P.2840 ; click here to follow the link
Creative Commons Attribution BY 3.0 PL license
Copyright-protected material. [CC BY 3.0 PL] May be used within the scope specified in Creative Commons Attribution BY 3.0 PL license, full text available at: ; -
Museum and Institute of Zoology of the Polish Academy of Sciences
Library of the Museum and Institute of Zoology of the Polish Academy of Sciences
Feb 4, 2022
Dec 3, 2019
132
https://rcin.org.pl/publication/89656
Wasilewska, Lucyna
Wasilewska, Lucyna
Wasilewska, Lucyna
Wasilewska, Lucyna
Wasilewska, Lucyna