Posąg ze Zbrucza i jego otoczenie. Lata badań, lata wątpliwości

Szymański, Wojciech

doi:0079-7138

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Tytuł: Posąg ze Zbrucza i jego otoczenie. Lata badań, lata wątpliwości

Abstrakt:

In 1998 passed 150 years of finding in the river Zbruch (Ukraina) four-headed, stone statue called sometimes „Światowid". There are many studies about this monument, but up to now we do not have modern monograph based on comprehensive researches. This statue is an unique Slav monument dated from IX/X century AD, which can be probably assumed as anmaterialization of the idea of cosmical column. The upper part of the column covers representation of universal, hermaphroditic deity, middle part - demoniac creatures which live on the earth, lower part - deity of the underground world. Equipment of the deity with realisticly depicted sabre of specific type can be recognized as an evidence of Hungarian influence on Slav culture in the Dniester river region - Croats or Lenzanenes (?). Up to now from the Dniester river region we know several stone statues which are partly similar to the Zbruch monument and wrongly attributed to the Cherniakhovsk culture from III-IV centuryAD. Excavations which took place a few years ago in the discovery area of the Zbruch column, mainly on hill-forts from the Bohut and Zvenigorod mountains (LP. Rusanova, B.A. Timoshchuk) provided many valuable results, only partly connected with the pagan period. In spite of the statements of these authors there are not any evidences of „Swiatowiďs" sanctuary in this area and abundant materials (especially from Zvenigorod) let to attribute the finds to the later periods and Christian culture of the Kiev Rus